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971.
Allan J. Hicks Zoe L. Carwardine Mike J. Hallworth Eric S. Kilpatrick 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(1)
IntroductionIt is often quoted that 70% of clinical decisions are based on laboratory results, but the evidence to substantiate this claim is lacking. Since clinical guidelines aim to document best-practice decision making for specific disease conditions, inclusion of any laboratory test means that the best available evidence is recommending clinicians use it. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the world’s most common cause of mortality, so this study reviewed all CVD guidelines published by five national/international authorities to determine what proportion of them recommended laboratory testing.Materials and methodsFive leading CVD guidelines were examined, namely the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the Australian Heart Foundation (AHF) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ).ResultsA total of 101 guidelines were reviewed. Of the 33 individual ESC guidelines relating to CVD, 24/33 made a direct reference to the use of clinical laboratory tests in either diagnosis or follow-up treatment. The same applied to 15/20 of NICE guidelines, 24/32 from the ACC and 15/16 from the AHF/CSANZ. Renal function and blood count testing were the most recommended (39 and 26 times), with lipid, troponin and natriuretic peptide measurement advocated 25, 19 and 19 times respectively.ConclusionsThis study has shown that laboratory testing is advocated by between 73% and 94% of individual CVD guideline recommendations from five national/international authorities. This provides an index to assess the potential value of laboratory medicine to healthcare. 相似文献
972.
Søe Sille Obelitz Jørgensen Rikke Frank Mai Jens-Erik 《Ethics and Information Technology》2021,23(4):625-633
Ethics and Information Technology - Contemporary privacy theories and European discussions about data protection employ the notion of ‘personal information’ to designate their areas of... 相似文献
973.
V. B. Saputra S. K. Ong A. Y. C. Nee 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2014,(3):222-230
This paper presents a calibration method for parallel manipulators using a measurement system specially installed on an external fixed frame. The external fixed frame is important as an error reference for calibration in certain operations, such as in the configuration of a parallel manip- ulator functioning as a machine tool where the workpiece is fixed to a worktable. The pose of the end-effector is mea- sured using three digital indicators installed on the external fixed frame. To enable measurement, the end-effector is assumed to be a plane large enough that all digital indicators could touch. The error is defined as the difference between the theoretical and actual readings of the digital indicators. The geometric parameters of the parallel manipulator are optimized to minimize this error. This calibration method is low cost and feasible for compensating geometric parameter errors for a parallel manipulator. Optimal pose selection for the calibration is achieved using a swarm intelligence search algorithm. The method is implemented on a prototype of a six degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) Gough-Stewart platform constructed to function as a machine tool. 相似文献
974.
Eric S. Zeemering 《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(1):101539
The organization of city government into specialized departments allows cities to accomplish an array of service delivery tasks. Government reformers argue this fragmentation creates coordination challenges when problems spillover the lines of specialized agencies. Functional fragmentation also poses coordination challenges for government communication with the public through social media. The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19 disease provide an opportunity to investigate the consequences of functional fragmentation in city government for social media communication about public health and pandemic response. A comparative case analysis of three cities using data from city agency Twitter accounts and key informant interviews demonstrates the consequences of fragmentation for internal coordination, as well as public outreach. The experiences of Atlanta, San Francisco, and Washington, DC in the early days of the pandemic provide pragmatic insights for city officials and illustrate the theoretical importance of giving attention to whole of government approaches to city social media communication. 相似文献
975.
Alghamdi Amani Khalaf H. Al Ghamdi Kholoud S. Kim Sun Young 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2022,31(5):583-593
Journal of Science Education and Technology - It is of great importance that science educators teach COVID-19 and related pandemics to boost students’ scientific literacy. A mixed methods... 相似文献
976.
Journal of Science Education and Technology - In this paper, the effectiveness of training faculty in laboratory teaching (the teaching of science in a laboratory setting using experiments and... 相似文献
977.
Barrett Jentry S. Schachter Rachel E. Gilbert Danni Fuerst Mathew 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2022,50(3):385-397
Early Childhood Education Journal - Active engagement in music has numerous academic and social benefits for young children and music-making is included in many early childhood standards and... 相似文献
978.
Nele S. Pauwels Ann De Meulemeester Alessia Romagnoli Heidi Buysse Renaat Peleman 《Health information and libraries journal》2021,38(1):66-71
This is part of a new series in this regular feature regarding trends in the provision of information by health science libraries. By sharing expertise and drawing together relevant trends the series intends to serve as a road map for both health science librarians and health informatics professionals. This article shows how a medical and biomedical research library changed practices, and reassessed user needs for the COVID‐19 emergency. Discusses changes to online education (and collaborative working) to provide user‐friendly services, researcher support tailored to need and re‐visioning library space. J.M. 相似文献
979.
980.
Jay A. Bostwick Isaac Wade Calvert Jenifer Francis Melissa Hawkley Curtis R. Henrie Frederick R. Hyatt Janeel Juncker Andrew S. Gibbons 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2014,62(5):571-582
Some have argued for a common language in the field of instructional design in an effort to reduce misunderstandings and simplify a multitude of synonymous terms and concepts. Others feel that this goal is undesirable in that it precludes development and flexibility. In this article we propose an ontology-building process as a way for readers to compare and analyze terms and concepts across theories. This process entails the development of categories that emerge from the literature, and the comparison of theories across categories. Such a process can reveal broader concepts that exist beyond specific theoretical terminology, differences in meanings behind common terms used by theorists, a greater understanding of the theorists’ intent, and discontinuities and gaps within the theoretical literature. 相似文献