Synchronized lower limb kinematics with pelvis orientation achieves the non-rotational shot

A non-rotational (NR) shot is now a well-known scoring move in soccer. To execute the NR shot, it is necessary to deprive the ball of any rotational forces during the impact phase. To execute the NR shot, it is natural that the force vector acting from the foot would pass through the ball’s center of gravity; however, the coordinated motion of the lower limb joint’s angular displacement and the pelvis is still unclear. The aim of this study is to estimate the coordinated leg and pelvis motion during the NR shot as compared to that during instep kicking. Four right-leg dominant college league players were asked to perform a NR shot and an instep kick a total of 10 times each. Hip, knee, and ankle joint angular displacements in the sagittal plane and pelvis yaw and roll rotational motions during both types of kicks were calculated with 14 IR reflective markers using a 3D real-time motion analysis system with a 250-Hz sampling. The Euclidean distances of the joint space of the NR shot and the instep kick were also calculated to detect similarities in the coordinated motion of the lower limb. The results showed that the lower limb joint motions in the sagittal plane were not different; however, the pelvis roll and yaw motions were apparently different, and these phenomena could simulate a pendulum motion with changes in both the vertical and horizontal displacements. These results suggest that the coordinated motion of the lower limb joint’s angular displacement shows high similarity between the NR shot and the instep kick, and the pelvis roll and yaw synchronized orientation is essential for achieving the NR shot.     

Improved fast intra prediction algorithm of H.264/AVC

With advanced prediction modes of intra prediction, intra coding of H.264/AVC offers significant coding gains compared with previous video coding standards. It uses an important tool called Lagrangian rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique to decide the best coding mode for a block, but the computational burden is extremely high. In this paper, we proposed an improved fast intra prediction algorithm including block type selection and mode decision algorithm based on analysis of edge feature of a block. Our algorithm filters out unlikely block type and candidate modes to reduce the RDO calculations. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm can reduce the computation complexity of intra prediction from 52.90% to 56.31%, with 0.04 dB PSNR degradation and 2% increase of bit rate.     

Triadic interaction in clinical task-based interviews with mathematics teachers

A clinical task-based interview can be seen as a situation where the interviewer–interviewee interaction on a task is regulated by a system of explicit and implicit norms, values, and rules. This paper describes how documenting and mapping triadic interaction among the interviewer, the interviewee, and the knowledge negotiated can be used to increase procedural replicability of the interview and accuracy of drawn conclusions about the interviewee’s thinking process. Excerpts from interviews with 25 inservice mathematics teachers working on a task to make up a problem whose solution requires division of two fractions are discussed. The excerpts illustrate the relationship between methodological decisions taken by the interviewer during the interview and the applicability of the interview output to the research questions. A divergent analysis of the interviews with these teachers, which spanned over two years and were conducted by four interviewers, is used to offer a framework for analyzing data collected in clinical task-based interviews.     

简论中国饮食养生文化

“民以食为天”，饮食在维持生命、促进健康、延年益寿等方面起到了非常重要的作用。我国古人在丰富的饮食实践的基础上，在不断的理论探索中，形成了，博大精深的饮食养生理论和文化，这些理论和文化对我们今天的饮食生活仍然有重要的指导意义。     

旁指代词与其他类型定语共现时的有序性考察

除单独作定语修饰中心语以外，旁指代词还可以与体词性定语、谓词性定语和副词性定语共现，共同修饰中心语。旁指代词与其他类型定语搭配能力的强弱顺序为：其他〉另外〉另〉别的〉其余〉旁的。     

基于核密度估计多样性采集的背景建模算法

1IntroductionBackground subtraction methods are extensively ex-ploited for moving object detection in videos in manyapplications ,such as traffic monitoring[1],human mo-tion capture[2]and video surveillance[3]. The centralidea behind such methods is to segment foreground ini mage sequences taken from a fixed camera by com-paring each newframe to a model of the scene back-ground . Therefore , correctly and efficiently modelingand updating the background model is one of the mostchallenging aspec…     

英汉汉英双向袖珍电子词典的静态传承与动态发展

在对主流英汉汉英双向袖珍电子词典进行分类整理、抽样调查的基础上,深入分析了此类电子词典词库内容静态传承传统词典和编纂技术动态发展的数字化特征。在指出主流电子词典的科学性、先进性的同时,也说明了非主流产品存在的问题,提出了优质电子词典的基本衡量标准。     

自动语音识别技术在聋儿计算机辅助教学中的应用——聋儿言语训练软件的原型架构

自动语音识别(Automated speech Recognition)是一种将人的语音转化为文本的技术,它已被运用到了包括教育在内的众多领域,然而在聋儿言语训练领域的应用中却明显滞后。本文通过对采集到的大量聋儿言语信息进行筛选,基于对聋儿语音特点的深入研究,综合国内外先进的语音识别技术,从技术的角度,阐明了言语训练软件原型从前期准备、分析设计到最终架构完成的详细过程,并且创造性地提出了几点架构思路,尤其针对聋儿自身特点,实现了一些针对性强的功能。