Information management in law enforcement: The case of police intelligence strategy implementation

Strategy implementation is important because failure to carry out strategy can cause lost opportunities and leave police officers reluctant to do strategic planning. Lack of implementation creates problems in maintaining priorities and reaching organizational goals. The strategy execution task is commonly the most complicated and time-consuming part of strategic, management. Yet, strategy implementation suffers from a general lack of academic attention. This research paper makes a contribution to police strategy implementation literature by developing a, research model to study the extent of intelligence strategy implementation.     

Automated opinion detection: Implications of the level of agreement between human raters

The ability to agree with the TREC Blog06 opinion assessments was measured for seven human assessors and compared with the submitted results of the Blog06 participants. The assessors achieved a fair level of agreement between their assessments, although the range between the assessors was large. It is recommended that multiple assessors are used to assess opinion data, or a pre-test of assessors is completed to remove the most dissenting assessors from a pool of assessors prior to the assessment process. The possibility of inconsistent assessments in a corpus also raises concerns about training data for an automated opinion detection system (AODS), so a further recommendation is that AODS training data be assembled from a variety of sources. This paper establishes an aspirational value for an AODS by determining the level of agreement achievable by human assessors when assessing the existence of an opinion on a given topic. Knowing the level of agreement amongst humans is important because it sets an upper bound on the expected performance of AODS. While the AODSs surveyed achieved satisfactory results, none achieved a result close to the upper bound.     

The Inventor game: game-theoretical analysis of knowledge-sharing between inventors and employers

Knowledge-sharing has often been analysed by one-shot game models, where the balance between costs and the value of knowledge exchanges for different exchange partners has been calculated. This paper reviews this literature and discusses five of its assumptions: (1) the assumption of homogeneity of knowledge, (2) the assumption of one-shot solutions, (3) the assumption of knowledge as value, (4) the assumption of knowledge as the only instrument for an actor to influence the payouts, and (5) the assumption of deterministic profits from negotiation results. We propose a more realistic game-theoretical model for analysing knowledge-sharing, based on alternative assumptions, that is, heterogeneity of knowledge, multi-stage negotiations, knowledge value realized via production functions, the need for side payments, and the working of nature and discount factors. Our model may help in establishing new firms on the basis of existing knowledge owned by companies and their employees.     

Predictive validity of the Slosson Intelligence Test with the WISC-R and the WRAT-R level 1

Slosson Intelligence Tests (SITS) administered by school guidance counselors correlated significantly with school psychologist administered WISC-Rs (r=.75). The Slosson IQ correlated significantly higher with the WISC-R Verbal IQ than with the Performance IQ score. The mean Slosson IQ was a statistically significant 4.4 points higher than the mean WISC-R Full Scale IQ (p<.01).     

数字仓储库的发展

综述数字仓储库的发展现状,归纳总结仓储库的类型和内容特点,详细分析仓储库建设过程中的典型用例,重点对出版商用例和多机构用例的数据处理、服务管理和效果进行归纳和分析,详细说明其建设过程和方法。并结合仓储库管理者的意见和仓储库目前存在的问题,提出下一步仓储库建设的重点和发展的方向。
     

Visual scanning strategies of neurologically impaired,percepually imfaired,and normal children viewing the Bender-Gestalt designs

The purpose of the present study was to describe and compare the visual encoding processes and copying performance of normal children and children with perceptual and neurological disabilities viewing the Bender-Gestalt designs. The eye movements of these children were recorded as they examined the nine designs of the Bender-Gestalt test. In addition, protocols of the test were obtained in the standard way. Clear qualitative and quantitative differences in the scanning strategies were found among each of the three diagnostic groups. No differences were found in the reporductions of the designs for normals and perceptually impaired children. However, the designs of the neurologically impaired children were significantly different from those of either of the other two diagnostic groups. The results are discussed with respect to the use of eye movement data as a technique to examine visual perceptual deficiencies indepently of motoric functions. Encoding processes charactersitic of the three groups are inferred from their scanning strategies and the relationship between these encoding processes and psychosenory learning disabilities is discussed.     

Associations of accelerometer-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 months in community-dwelling Swedish older adults

PurposeThis study was aimed to determine associations of accelerometer-determined time and bouts of sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 months.MethodsA total of 3334 Swedish 70-year-olds were assessed for sarcopenia, as defined by the revised definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Assessments were based on low scores for appendicular lean mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), hand grip strength, and the Timed Up and Go test. For 7 days after baseline, total time and total number of bouts (≥10 min of continuous activity at a given intensity) of activity performed at sedentary, LPA, and MVPA intensities were assessed by accelerometer. Incident falls were self-reported 6 months and 12 months after baseline.ResultsOnly 1.8% of participants had probable or confirmed sarcopenia. After multivariable adjustment for other levels of activity, only greater MVPA time was associated with a decreased likelihood of having low appendicular lean mass, low hand grip strength, and slow Timed Up and Go time as defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (all p < 0.05), and only MVPA time was associated with lower likelihood of probable or confirmed sarcopenia (odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.71–0.91 h/week). Similar associations were identified for total number of bouts, with no evidence of threshold effects for longer duration of bouts of MVPA. A total of 14% of participants reported ≥1 fall, but neither total time nor bouts of activity was associated with incident falls (all p > 0.05).ConclusionHigher amounts of accelerometer-determined MVPA are consistently associated with a decreased likelihood of sarcopenia and its components, regardless of the length of bouts or amounts of sedentary behavior.