基于支持4字节编码汉字的数字化及全文检索发布系统

全文数字化是信息资源建设的方向,研究型资源的全文化检索尤其重要.计算器现有系统能处理的汉字,对于中文古籍、辞书、人名地名系统、报刊出版远不够用.几年前,国际标准ISO/IEC 106462003(即Unicode 4.0)编码汉字字符集已经拥有7万余汉字,但其中有4万2千多个汉字是4字节编码,在应用领域的处理方面有一定难度.文章介绍中易公司处理4字节编码汉字的技术成果,并结合在古籍数字化项目中的实际应用,着重说明用自行开发的7万汉字的应用系统,支持数字化工程和全文检索发布的技术特点,强调超大字符集、XML开放数据等标准技术的应用等.通过实践,总结出一套基于支持超大字符集4字节编码汉字的数字化的应用技术,以及信息全文检索发布的可行方法,解决了古籍和文献的数字化工程中的技术难点.     

Infant joint attention, temperament, and social competence in preschool children

Infant joint attention has been observed to be related to social-emotional outcomes in at-risk children. To address whether this relation is also evident in typically developing children, 52 children were tested at 12, 15, 24, and 30 months to examine associations between infant joint attention and social outcomes. Twelve-month initiating and responding to joint attention were related to 30-month social competence and externalizing behavior, even when accounting for 15-month temperament ratings, 24-month cognition and language, and demographic variables. These results suggest that, in addition to associations with language and cognition, infant joint attention reflects robust aspects of development that are related to individual differences in the emergence of social and behavioral competence in childhood.     

Language and theory of mind: a study of deaf children

Theory-of-mind (ToM) abilities were studied in 176 deaf children aged 3 years 11 months to 8 years 3 months who use either American Sign Language (ASL) or oral English, with hearing parents or deaf parents. A battery of tasks tapping understanding of false belief and knowledge state and language skills, ASL or English, was given to each child. There was a significant delay on ToM tasks in deaf children of hearing parents, who typically demonstrate language delays, regardless of whether they used spoken English or ASL. In contrast, deaf children from deaf families performed identically to same-aged hearing controls (N=42). Both vocabulary and understanding syntactic complements were significant independent predictors of success on verbal and low-verbal ToM tasks.     

DISCUSSION, COLLABORATIVE KNOWLEDGE WORK AND EPISTEMIC FLUENCY

ABSTRACT:   This paper argues for an action-oriented conception of learning in higher education: one which marries higher order learning (coming to understand) with apprenticeship in knowledge work. It introduces epistemic tasks, forms and fluency as constructs that are useful in giving a more precise meaning to ideas about collaboration in knowledge construction. Discussion is seen as central to collaborative knowledge work and we examine the role of discussion in supporting weaker and stronger interpretations of collaborative knowledge construction.     

Homicides in Higher Education: Some Reflections on the Moral Mission of the University

This essay on the ethical mission of the university explores extremes of anti-social behavior, visiting numerous crime scenes before concluding that contemporary higher education has lost the capacity—and even the language—for taking character development seriously. In his attempt to determine whether coincidently traditional-liberationist-diversiphilic-apathetic colleges can morally improve their charges, Peter Wood collects a wrenching compendium of violent academic mayhem.

分析化学省级精品课程建设模式探索

通过介绍分析化学课程的改革发展与具体实践,探讨了分析化学省级精品课程的建设模式,提出了分析化学省级精品课程的定位和目标,从课程的教学重点和难点中找出好的解决办法,同时提出了加强实践教学的设计思想,通过改进组织形式和指导方法,发展新的分析化学实验考核内容、实验成绩和综合训练考评方法,提高了教学效果和管理质量,使学生达到综合运用基本知识和发展实验技能的目的.     

军队营养与食品卫生学本科实习培养模式初探

军队营养与食品卫生学是一门应用性很强的学科,传统的实习培养模式虽然能使学员全面熟悉教研室的日常工作,但对实习学员的综合应用能力培养不够,难以满足我军对军事预防医学复合型人才的需求。本教研室近年来尝试开展了实习培养模式改革,包括建立实习学员导师制、制定学科综合实习计划及制定实习学员课题制,使实习学员综合应用能力和独立工作能力得到显著提高,学员普遍反馈良好。