王韬与福泽谕吉舆论思想之比较

本文比较了王韬和福泽谕吉舆论思想上的两个显著差异:(1)王韬认为政府主导舆论,舆论应为政府所用,福泽则认为舆论主导政府,舆论的力量足以促成政府之改革;(2)福泽要求政府不要压制舆论,而应给舆论以自由之权,同时舆论还应有权监督政府;而王韬虽然也对舆论的独立自由表现出了向往之情,但他对政府的依赖使其不免陷入矛盾和尴尬之中,因为舆论自由与君主政府往往是水火不容的.本文分析了王韬和福泽舆论思想产生差距的原因,在于两人思想上与政府保持的距离不等.     

关于平方根整数部分的一个恒等式

对于大于2的正整数n,设f(n)=[12(1 n2-8)] [21(1-n)];对于非负数m,设g(m)=[12(1-m2 8)] [12(1 m)].证明了:当n≠4且m≠2时,必有f(n)=g(m).     

Validating ‘optimizing’ concepts: the importance of personal resolve,effective functioning,and academic striving

Abstract

Capitalising on current research progress, we explored via means of structural equation modelling (SEM), the operational nature of three newly developed optimising concepts: personal resolve, effective functioning, and academic striving. We conceptualised self-efficacy as a source of origin, and effort expenditure and motivation towards learning as adaptive outcomes of the three mentioned concepts. Correlational responses from Taiwanese university students (N?=?1010) affirmed our hypothesis regarding the operational nature of personal resolve, effective functioning, and academic striving – for example – (i) self-efficacy as a source of origin of personal resolve, effective functioning, and academic striving, and (ii) the effects of personal resolve and academic striving on effort, and the effects of effective functioning and academic striving on motivation towards learning. This significant evidence, overall, contributes to the study of optimal achievement best.     

Humidity as an aversive stimulus in learning inDrosophila melanogaster

The learned suppression of photopositive tendencies was studied at the individual level in young flies of both sexes. In a T-maze, flies had to choose between an arm leading to a lighted vial associated with an aversive stimulus (i.e., a solution of quinine chlorhydrate deposited on a filter paper in the vial) and another arm leading to a darkened vial free of quinine. The present experiments were carried out to determine the roles of quinine and relative humidity in the maze. The flies avoided the lighted vial containing quinine even if they had no tarsal contact with quinine, and this result was not due to any odor of quinine. Subsequent experiments showed that relative humidity in the lighted vial, and probably in the arm leading to it, was an aversive stimulus, which partly explains why the flies avoided the lighted vial. However, in conditions in which the flies had tarsal contact with water or quinine it was confirmed that flies trained with quinine have higher avoidance scores than those trained with water only. Moreover, individual aversion to humidity was not correlated with the individual avoidance score: At similar levels of motivation (i.e., similar levels of aversion to humidity), some flies learn to avoid the lighted vial containing quinine whereas others do not. All these results show that, in addition to quinine, humidity is an unconditioned aversive stimulus in our paradigm and thus needs to be tightly controlled in experiments of conditioned avoidance.     

The role of (dis)trust in a (trans)national higher education development project

In this article I describe how socio-politicalchange in South Africa (in the 1990s) andprocesses of globalisation andinternationalisation provided opportunities forprofessional engagement among South African andAustralian academics. I specifically reflect onthe role that (dis)trust played in knowledgeproduction processes involving South Africanand Australian academics in a project entitled,Educating for Socio-Ecological Change:Capacity-Building in EnvironmentalEducation. The article expands on the work ofTurnbull (1997) who argues that the basis ofknowledge might not be empirical verification(as the orthodox view would have it), buttrust. The article provides some insights as tohow the social organisation of trust might bechanging in post-apartheid South Africa.     

关于方程ψ（x）=2t

设t是正奇数，本文给出了方程ψ（x）=2t的全部正整数解x，其中ψ（x）是Euler函数。     

Developing employability skills via extra-curricular activities in Vietnamese universities: student engagement and inhibitors of their engagement

This article reports a study that investigated student engagement and inhibitors of their engagement with developing employability skills via extra-curricular activities in Vietnamese universities. Content analysis of 18 interviews with students and statistical analysis of 423 students’ responses to a paper-based survey showed that despite a variety of extra-curricular activities being frequently organised, students engaged in these activities just above a moderate level. The analysis revealed that students with different motivations as well as students from different university types, disciplines, and university years engaged differently with developing employability skills via this channel. Five inhibitors of their engagement were identified, including students’ working part-time, a lack of information about extra-curricular activities, students’ beliefs about participating bringing no benefits, competition with curriculum-based activities, and unprofessional organisation of these activities. The article discusses ways to improve student engagement with developing employability skills via extra-curricular activities.     

试论张爱玲小说中的人物人格和人际防御策略

人格是个人心理通过人际策略表现出来的。从人际防御策略理论来看,人的行为和动机都包含着一定的策略。张爱玲小说中的人物表现出各种人格表象,并采取相应的策略。他们在追求理想自我的同时也丧失了真实自我并在内心产生强烈冲突,最终走向灵魂的自我毁灭。     

远程教育网络行为信息的测量与分析

本文应用计算机网络行为分析的理论与方法,研究远程教育网络行为信息的测量与分析的问题.首先,基于流量测量的方法建立了网络行为信息的测量系统;其次,对网络异常行为和正常行为的信息进行了定性分析;最后,把这些方法应用到具体的远程教育网络实例当中,对例子中的数据信息进行统计分析和数据挖掘,并分析其信息所反映的一些网络行为模式.     

知识生产模式转型驱动下研究型大学改革路径研究

知识的价值边界在知识经济时代被极大地拓展,知识的生产、传递、交换、消费日益成为社会发展的关键动力。而伴随着知识经济、高等教育大众化与普及化、信息技术革命等现代社会的多重特性,知识生产模式正从传统的"模式1"向"模式2"转型。新模式与传统模式具有多重本质性差异,知识范式的转型或将成为以知识为本质属性并兼具知识生产密集性特质的研究型大学结构性变革的外驱力。在转型时代,研究型大学应保持改革的敏锐性、主动性、自觉性与前瞻性,悦纳知识范式转型、积极与弥散性知识生产机构开展互动与合作、基于自身优势建构具有内在独特性的知识生产体系、控制知识生产者的生产过程、改革并完善评价体制机制以驱动知识生产与人才培养等多重职能的整合性发展,从而继续处于社会知识生产体系的中心并对其发挥持续性、根本性影响。