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111.
In light of the focus placed on English education by the colonial government, and the petition signed by 70,000 local inhabitants of the Madras Presidency, Lord John Elphinstone, the Governor, made efforts to disseminate English education during his governorship (1837–1842). Spurred on by the petition, Elphinstone wrote two fundamental educational minutes, in 1839 and 1841, and established Madras High School. Later, the School was transformed into Presidency College and became the first home of the University of Madras. Elphinstone’s planning led to the first systematic effort by the Madras government to impart English education. Subsequently, Elphinstone emphasised the dissemination of secular education and inclusion of native people in educational administration. Against this background, this paper discusses the contribution of Elphinstone to the educational development of Madras. It also questions the historiographical neglect of Elphinstone and challenges the established post-colonial discourse that the establishment of English institutions was a ‘colonialist’ imposition. 相似文献
112.
Both (a) in-school factors such as over-focus on academic performance, absence of uniform, and corporal punishment, and (b) out-of school factors such as caring for ailing parents, child labour, etc., hinder participation of orphan and vulnerable children (OVC) in Free Primary Education (FPE) system in Nyanza Province, Kenya. In this context Concern Worldwide Kenya undertook an appreciative capacity building approach and appropriately positioned District Education Office (DEO) of the Ministry of Education and local civil society organisations (CSOs) to address in-school and out-of-school factors, respectively, to ensure quality education for OVC. The outcome of the programme is promising and has demonstrated the need for greater cooperation between CSOs and the government to develop creative strategies in overcoming the causes of marginalisation within the contexts of the growing AIDS pandemic and poverty in Kenya. 相似文献
113.
114.
Subir Kumar Das L. Dhanya Sowmya Varadhan Sukhes Mukherjee D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(3):301-306
Alcohol consumption and health outcomes are complex and multidimensional. Ethanol (1.6g / kg body weight/ day) exposure initially
affects liver function followed by renal function of 16–18 week-old male albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 200–220 g.
Chronic ethanol ingestion increased in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level and glutathione s-transferase activity;
while decreased reduced gluatathione content and activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase
in a time dependent manner in the hemolysate. Though superoxide dismutase activity increased initially might be due to adaptive
response, but decreased later. Elevation of serum nitrite level and transforming growth factor-b1 activity indicated that long-term ethanol consumption may cause hepatic fibrosis and can elicit pro-angiogenic factors. However,
no alteration in vascular endothelial growth factor-C activity indicated that ethanol consumption is not associated with lymphangiogenesis.
Therefore, we conclude that long-term ethanol-induced toxicity is linked to an oxidative stress, which may aggravate to fibrosis
and elevate pro-angiogenic factors, but not associated with lymphangiogenesis. 相似文献
115.
D. C. Sharma Gora Dadheech Bushra Fiza Meghna Mathur Manminder Riyat Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(2):202-204
Silver is ingested in India in the form of varak, Ayurvedic bhasm and water contained in silver utensils, but nobody knows
their effects. We have examined the effect of interaction of silver ingested in the form of varak (leaf), bhasm (ash) and
water (colloidal solution) on some essential elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe and Zn) in blood, liver, spleen and kidneys of
chicks. The results showed significant rise of silver in all the tissues and significant fall in copper in the blood. The
greatest rise was obtained in blood silver by silver sol while it had the lowest amount of silver. Iron significantly increased
in tissues but somewhat decreased in blood. Zinc content increased in all the tissues by leaf and ash but decreased by sol.
No consistent pattern was seen in case of other elements. 相似文献
116.
Vinita Ailani R. C. Gupta Sunil Kumar Gupta Kapil Gupta 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):426-429
This study was conducted to find out the level of oxidative stress and effect of supplementation of vitamin C, D and Calcium
on levels of SOD, serum and urinary fluoride in children residing in endemic fluorosis area. For this the fluoride belt of
Jaipur district was selected. The parameters selected were Super oxide dismutase, serum fluoride and urinary fluoride. The
study was conducted on one hundred children, selected from four areas (25 from each area) consuming water containing 1.2,
2.4, 5.6 and 13.6 mg/l of fluoride. Drinking water fluoride, serum and urinary fluoride were measured by Ion selective electrode
method. Serum SOD by Xanthine oxidase method using kit of Ransod (kit cat. No. SD125). The post treatment values showed a
significant reduction in serum fluoride and SOD. Urinary fluoride levels increased significantly in post treatment stage.
The results revealed a normal SOD levels in all groups but an increasing trend was observed with increasing fluoride concentration.
Treatment with Calcium, Vitamin D and Vitamin C showed a significant reduction in serum fluoride and SOD and increase in urinary
fluoride. A high positive correlation between pretreatment and post treatment group was observed in serum fluoride, SOD and
urinary fluoride (P < 0.05). The study indicated an increasing oxidative stress in cases of fluorosis with increasing drinking
water fluoride concentration. Treatment with Calcium, Vitamin D and Vitamin C resulted a significant reduction in serum fluoride
and SOD and increase in urinary fluoride. 相似文献
117.
Subir Kumar Das Sukhes Mukherjee Gaurav Pandey V. Balakrishnan D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(2):155-158
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its more aggressive form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are entities that are becoming
more and more interesting to the medical community in general. A total of 93 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients (64
male and 29 female) within the age range between 28 to 63 years were studied. All of them showed elevated alanine aminotransferase
level (104.07 ± 56.04). Aspartate aminotransferase level (58.13 ± 31.96) was elevated more than its normal level in 82% cases
and AST to ALT ratio was found 0.59 ± 0.26. Predisposing factors were diabetes mellitus (37%), obesity (13%) and hyperlipidemia
(41%). In addition, 32% of the subjects were overweight.18% of the patients had elevated serum bilirubin. Our findings recommend
a lower cutoff value than suggested by the World Health Organization for overweight and obesity among this racial-ethnic group. 相似文献
118.
119.
Hemant Kumar Ashok Kumar Poonam Kumari N. B. Tulsani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(2):124-127
We have developed a biostrip for determination of urea in serum. The test strip is based on enzymatic assay where urease has
been immobilized on the chromatographic paper along with chromogen, phenol red. The chromogen is easily soluble in water and
does not require other components for the color change. Serum urea reacts with urease and water to liberate ammonia and carbon
dioxide. The liberated ammonia changes the pH of the reaction medium, which is monitored by the chromogen phenol red. A single
step working reagent strip has been developed and the reaction is completed within 50 seconds at room temperature. With this
test strip urea concentration is measured in serum as low as 0.15 g/L. The speed and convenience of determining urea in serum
by this strip instantly makes it well suited for individuals, physicians and emergency centres. 相似文献
120.