文秘人员素质与档案工作

文秘人员的素质直接影响档案的收集、整理、保存、管理等各个环节,只有增强文秘人员的档案意识、业务能力,激发他们的工作热情,才能全面提高档案工作的质量和水平。     

Taylorism,Tylerism and Performance Indicators: defending the indefensible?

This paper explores some of the antecedents to the recent growing interest in the United Kingdom in the use of educational performance indicators, and links it in particular to aspects of both Taylorist and Tylerist philosophies. It attempts to distinguish between different constructed meanings of performance indicators evident in both policy statements and practice. Whilst acknowledging the many potential problems inherent in the adoption of this approach to evaluation, the paper argues that both the nature and use of educational performance indicators are crucially shaped by factors such as purpose, authorship, focus and audience. The paper outlines an approach to performance indicators which tacitly addresses a critique of Taylorist and Tylerist influences, adopting an optimistic view that indicators can be made professionally relevant and useful. At the heart of the paper is an account of a collaborative evaluation project which, over the last 5 years, has supported the development of teacher‐generated indicators across some 80 schools and colleges in a consortium of six local education authorities. Despite the difficulties which have been encountered in this approach, the paper concludes that performance indicators can be made professionally relevant and useful.     

“有意义的”教育思想从何而来——由教育学界“尊奉”西方话语的现象引发的思考

“有意义的”教育思想必须基于实践,对中国教育真正具有引导力的思想最终只能形成于本土境脉与本土实践之中,不能用具有浓厚西方文化色彩的价值取向、思维习惯与言说方式来套解中国的社会现实和规引中国人的教育实践。“寻找”教育思想的过程不是被动的思想服从过程,而是以“寻找者”自身的已有思想需求与思想前见为参照标准的思想选择过程和思想构建过程。教育研究者应当首先是思想者。构建真正有意义的教育思想的最宝贵的资源就在研究者自身及本土境脉与本土实践之中。     

Resilience in higher education students: a scoping review

ABSTRACT

The health, wellbeing and employability of university students are key considerations within higher education. In response, interest in student resilience is on the rise. Reviews of contemporary resilience literature highlight both conceptual and methodological weaknesses, issues which hamper attempts to design effective resilience interventions. To inform the design of a student resilience program, to be piloted at three Australian universities, a scoping review of resilience specific to the higher education context was undertaken. Searches of three electronic databases (PsychINFO, CINAHL and ProQuest) were conducted. Seventy-two peer-reviewed articles published between 2007 and 2017 were included in the review. While the review reaffirms the conceptual and methodological issues found in previous resilience research, it provides a useful critique of key issues in relation to university student resilience and interventions to enhance students’ resilience. Recommendations for educators and researchers are provided.     

Teachers' education, classroom quality, and young children's academic skills: results from seven studies of preschool programs

In an effort to provide high-quality preschool education, policymakers are increasingly requiring public preschool teachers to have at least a Bachelor's degree, preferably in early childhood education. Seven major studies of early care and education were used to predict classroom quality and children's academic outcomes from the educational attainment and major of teachers of 4-year-olds. The findings indicate largely null or contradictory associations, indicating that policies focused solely on increasing teachers' education will not suffice for improving classroom quality or maximizing children's academic gains. Instead, raising the effectiveness of early childhood education likely will require a broad range of professional development activities and supports targeted toward teachers' interactions with children.     

Marital conflict and conduct problems in Children of Twins

The Children-of-Twins design was used to test whether associations between marital conflict frequency and conduct problems can be replicated within the children of discordant twin pairs. A sample of 2,051 children (age 14-39 years) of 1,045 twins was used to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on marital conflict and determine whether genetic or environmental selection processes underlie the observed association between marital conflict and conduct problems. Results indicate that genetic and nonshared environmental factors influence the risk of marital conflict. Furthermore, genetic influences mediated the association between marital conflict frequency and conduct problems. These results highlight the need for quasiexperimental designs in investigations of intergenerational associations.     

构建高效教师培训模式:内涵与策略

高效教师培训模式是指追求培训效果最大化的模式,是教师培训的各个要素的优化组合及发挥最大培训效益的范式。探索教师培训工作的运行规律,实施高效教师培训模式应在培训思想上坚持以人为本的培训价值观;在培训目标上以促进学员可持续发展为目标取向;在培训课程上以激活学员的实践知识为重要取向;在培训实施上以参与式培训为核心策略等。     

十所英国新建大学的办学定位与特色研究

新建大学应该走出建设教学型大学的误区,强调研究与教学并重;新建大学的教学和研究都要面向应用,服务地方,解决现实问题;新建大学的研究要强调为本科教学提供充分的支撑,强调为提升教师学术水平服务,研究领域要尽量与本科教学保持一致;新建大学的人才培养工作应紧贴地方需求,培育自己的办学特色,与一流大学实现错位发展。     

农村教师的身份认同状况及其思考

农村教师的身份经历了由政治身份向专业身份的演变。文化资本与超负荷的工作承载使农村教师的自我认同度和社会认同度不高,直接影响到教师职业文化的继承与传递。政府要采取措施,实施均权的身份政策,尤其要通过提升农村教师的社会地位来提升农村教师的身份认同感。     

人才培养模式的顶层设计和目标平台建设

按照科学发展观来进行人才培养模式的顶层设计,是高校提高质量的首要问题。人才培养模式的设计通常分为三个层面:学校层面、专业层面和课程与教育教学活动层面。前两个层面具有全局性和综合性,其设计属顶层设计。人才培养模式的顶层设计,首先要分析目标需求及来源,科学确立目标框架,然后对目标进行合理分解和解释,选择合适的内容形成培养方案,最后对目标进行反馈评价,以此不断改进和完善设计。