论我国现代远程教育的历史性跨越

现代远程开放教育将是我国教育发展新的增长点,也是深化教育改革的重要组成部分。广播电视大学为我国教育事业的发展做出了重要的历史贡献。今天需要以新的理念,以改革创新的精神,促使广播电视大学向开放大学实现实质性的历史新跨越。在广播电视大学向现代开放大学转型过程中,要重视研究信息技术发展的趋势及其为教育跨越式发展带来的机遇和条件;重视研究我国教育发展新的趋势、特点及其对开放大学提出的新要求。建设一流水平的开放大学,需要下大决心改变现有广播电视大学教学质量不高的状况;处理好资源整合和资源共享问题;创新体制机制,为开放大学整合高等学校优质教育资源提供政策支持;充分利用最先进的现代信息技术,从教育入手实现三网合一;政府切实加大投入和支持力度。     

关于高职教育体现“高教性”的研究与实践

高职教育是我国高等教育中的一种重要类型,职业性与高教性是其基本属性。我国高职院校在实际办学过程中,职业性倾向明显,高教性体现不足。高职院校在办学过程中,要明确高职教育发展目标,科学设计高职课程体系和探索教学模式改革,从基地、师资和制度等三个要素上体现高职教育层次性等问题。     

中等职业教育区域均衡发展的成绩、问题和对策

我国中等职业教育的发展对促进教育公平、实现入学机会均等、缩小区域间人力资源存量差距等方面作出了很大的贡献。但中等职业教育的发展也在办学条件、师资力量、投入水平和校企合作条件等方面存在着比较明显的区域不均衡现象。区域职业教育的均衡发展依赖于资源要素的支撑,更依赖于职业教育校企合作条件的优化。鉴于当前我国校企合作条件正处于U型曲线开始回升的关键时期,中等职业教育发展需要实施分类指导、分区域推进;加大经费投入和保障力度,实施标准化建设;加强东、西部地区的对口支援;优化职业教育运行机制;实现体制机制创新。     

And what rough beast? An ontotheological exploration of education as a being

This article is an exploration of whether education can be considered a beast-like being, developed by utilising Heidegger’s philosophy to consider education from an ontotheolgical perspective. Education is a hypernym for its constituent elements; this article is exploring this hypernym as a being, whilst arguing that the growing importance of education is causing it to gain a ‘monstrous anatomy’. This argument is parallel with the Heideggerean question of ontological difference: the divide of being and Being. Ideas about education’s formation as a technology and its God-like status are used to further illustrate the monstrosity of education. The theory of hyperobjects is also utilised to illuminate understanding of this being. Finally, this article explores the ways we are losing control of Education, as we have become too reliant on it to shape our view of the world.     

Instructor Humor as a Moderator of Instructors’ Inappropriate Conversations and Instructional Dissent

This study (N?=?326) was conducted to examine the associations among instructor humor, inappropriate conversations, and instructional dissent. First, results showed students are more likely to employ rhetorical dissent when they perceive their instructors as humorous in the classroom. Second, using expectancy violations theory as a guide, results also indicated that students’ perceptions of instructor-relevant humor moderated the relationships between enactment of inappropriate conversations and students’ expressive and vengeful dissent. These findings support the importance of employing relevant humor in course instruction, especially when instructors engage in inappropriate conversations in the college classroom.     

What traits do academics value in student writing? Insights from a psychometric approach

The number of students studying for university qualifications through the medium of English and for whom English is not their first language has increased significantly in recent years. This, along with efforts to widen access to those under-represented in higher education, has brought into focus the question of what academics see as constituting a ‘good’ piece of student writing. In this small-scale pilot study, Thurstone’s method of paired comparisons was used to establish a scale for ranking six essays in terms of how favourably each was viewed by academic lecturers when compared with every other essay in the set. Kelly’s repertory grid technique was subsequently applied to interviews conducted with the same lecturers to establish which traits they associated with the upper and lower end of the scale. Findings suggest that this methodology represents a promising approach to establishing what academic tutors regard as the key elements of good writing and thus provides an indication of what English teachers might fruitfully focus on in their teaching of the skill.     

Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents

This aim of this study was to compare the new Actigraph (GT1M) with the widely used Model 7164. Seven days of free-living physical activity were measured simultaneously using both the Model 7164 and GT1M in 30 Indian adolescents (mean age 15.8 years, s = 0.6). The GT1M was on average 9% lower per epoch than model 7164, thus a correction factor of 0.91 is suggested for comparison between the two monitors. The differences between monitors increased in magnitude with intensity of activity (P < 0.001) but remained randomly distributed (r = 0.01, P = 0.96). No significant difference was observed between monitors for time spent in moderate (P = 0.31) and vigorous (P = 0.34) physical activity when using the same epoch length. The Model 7164 classified less time as sedentary (P < 0.001) and more time as light-intensity activity (P < 0.001) than the GT1M. In conclusion, data from the GT1M can be compared with historical data using average counts per minute with a correction factor, and the two models might be comparable for assessing time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity in children when using the same epoch length.     

A fluid dynamic investigation of the Big Blade and Macon oar blade designs in rowing propulsion

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the fluid dynamic characteristics of the two most commonly used oar blades: the Big Blade and the Macon. Scaled models of each blade, as well as a flat Big Blade, were tested in a water flume using a quasi-static method similar to that used in swimming and kayaking research. Measurement of the normal and tangential blade forces enabled lift and drag forces generated by the oar blades to be calculated over the full range of sweep angles observed during a rowing stroke. Lift and drag force coefficients were then calculated and compared between blades. The results showed that the Big Blade and Macon oar blades exhibited very similar characteristics. Hydraulic blade efficiency was not therefore found to be the reason for claims that the Big Blade could elicit a 2% improvement in performance over the Macon. The Big Blade was also shown to have similar characteristics to the flat plate when the angle of attack was below 90 degrees , despite significant increases in the lift coefficient when the angle of attack increased above 90 degrees . This result suggests that the Big Blade design may not be completely optimized over the whole stroke.     

The effectiveness of a 17-week lifestyle intervention on health behaviors among airline pilots during COVID-19

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 17-week, 3-component lifestyle intervention for enhancing health behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsA parallel-group (intervention and control) study was conducted amongst 79 airline pilots over a 17-week period during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervention group (n = 38) received a personalized sleep, dietary, and physical activity (PA) program. The control group (n = 41) received no intervention. Outcome measures for sleep, fruit and vegetable intake, PA, and subjective health were measured though an online survey before and after the 17-week period. The changes in outcome measures were used to determine the efficacy of the intervention.ResultsSignificant main effects for time × group were found for International Physical Activity Questionnaire-walk (p = 0.02) and for all other outcome measures (p < 0.01). The intervention group significantly improved in sleep duration (p < 0.01; d = 1.35), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (p < 0.01; d = 1.14), moderate-to-vigorous PA (p < 0.01; d = 1.44), fruit and vegetable intake (p < 0.01; d = 2.09), Short Form 12v2 physical score (p < 0.01; d = 1.52), and Short Form 12v2 mental score (p < 0.01; d = 2.09). The control group showed significant negative change for sleep duration, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, and Short Form 12v2 mental score (p < 0.01).ConclusionResults provide preliminary evidence that a 3-component healthy sleep, eating, and PA intervention elicit improvements in health behaviors and perceived subjective health in pilots and may improve quality of life during an unprecedented global pandemic.     

俄罗斯高等教育现代化进程中的质量问题

在欧洲高等教育一体化进程的影响下,正在经历转折阶段的俄罗斯高等教育领域开展了国家统一考试和国家记名投资试验,并开始实行学分制,但这些举措在实施过程中还存在一系列问题,需要做大量的工作,以切实保障高等教育的现代化、国际化的实现,提高高等教育质量。