Simultaneous changes in seed size,oil content and protein content driven by selection of SWEET homologues during soybean domestication

Soybean accounts for more than half of the global production of oilseed and more than a quarter of the protein used globally for human food and animal feed. Soybean domestication involved parallel increases in seed size and oil content, and a concomitant decrease in protein content. However, science has not yet discovered whether these effects were due to selective pressure on a single gene or multiple genes. Here, re-sequencing data from >800 genotypes revealed a strong selection during soybean domestication on GmSWEET10a. The selection of GmSWEET10a conferred simultaneous increases in soybean-seed size and oil content as well as a reduction in the protein content. The result was validated using both near-isogenic lines carrying substitution of haplotype chromosomal segments and transgenic soybeans. Moreover, GmSWEET10b was found to be functionally redundant with its homologue GmSWEET10a and to be undergoing selection in current breeding, leading the the elite allele GmSWEET10b, a potential target for present-day soybean breeding. Both GmSWEET10a and GmSWEET10b were shown to transport sucrose and hexose, contributing to sugar allocation from seed coat to embryo, which consequently determines oil and protein contents and seed size in soybean. We conclude that past selection of optimal GmSWEET10a alleles drove the initial domestication of multiple soybean-seed traits and that targeted selection of the elite allele GmSWEET10b may further improve the yield and seed quality of modern soybean cultivars.     

对我国刑事拘留期限的思考

刑事拘留期限设置的合理与否直接影响着公民的人身权利和自由。我国刑事拘留期限存在着期限长、延长期限普遍化、决定程序行政化、犯罪嫌疑人权利淡化等问题,应当从科学设置期限、引入司法审查制度、完善犯罪嫌疑人参与权三个方面完善刑事拘留期限制度。     

软件外包客户与提供商信任策略选择的演化博弈分析

软件外包客户与提供商之间的信任是影响外包项目成功的重要因素之一。根据合作过程中不完全信息、合作双方有限理性的特点,使用演化博弈的方法构建了客户信任策略和提供商配合策略选择的演化博弈模型,并分析了双方在策略选择过程中的互动情况。结果表明:外包提供商消极配合给客户带来的损失、外包客户监控成本、外包客户采取信任策略给提供商带来的收益或惩罚会直接影响博弈结果,合作双方策略选择的演化情况存在3种稳定状态,根据分析结果提出了相应建议。     

学历教育院校实验室建设与管理

针对学历教育院校的特点,从实验室管理体制、运行机制等8个方面,论述了如何加强实验室建设与管理,更好地为培养高素质军事人才服务。     

论政府道德

现代民主政治下的政府是责任政府，责任政府存在和发展的条件决定了政府道德的客观存在。政府道德直接来源于政府所负的法律责任和政治责任，对政府的道德评价是政府道德的另一存在方式，政府道德可以分为作为整体的政府的道德和作为个体的官员的道德，二有密切的关系，政府道德在依法治国与以德治国的关系中扮演着举足轻重的角色，是依法治国的内在要求，更是以德治国的关键所在。     

概率神经网络在汽轮发电机组故障诊断中的应用

汽轮发电机组逐渐智能化,功能不断增强,但不确定性因素和不确定性信息仍然大量存在。针对该问题,用概率神经网络（PNN）诊断汽轮发电机组故障。PNN优点较多,机器学习算法简易、方便训练,相比于传统样本处理方法,PNN可训练样本并引入训练网络,更好地确保诊断结果正确率与可信度。MATLAB仿真结果表明,PNN在保证诊断结果准确的基础上,速度更快、分类性能大幅提高,诊断效率也提高至98%。     

江苏省装饰行业人才需求分析

作者对江苏省装饰企业的概况、装饰企业的资质标准和装饰企业“九五”成果与“十五”规划以及该行业对人才的需求情况进行了一次调查 ,进一步明确了环境艺术专业的培养目标。该专业也据此调整了课程设置     

Architecture Singularity Analysis of 4-U■S/U■U 5-DOF Parallel Mechanism

Architecture singularity of a parallel mechanism with five degrees of freedom (DOF) is analyzed. Such mechanism consists of a movable platform connected to the base by five active limbs. Four of them are identical 6-DOF limbs and the last one has the same DOF as the specified DOF of the movable platform. Based on the kinematics analysis, two categories of architecture singularities for such mechanism are proposed. Then the sufficient condition for each singularity is researched. Results show that the mechanism is singular when it employs each category of the proposed architecture, provided that it satisfies the corresponding sufficient condition. It can be concluded that the proposed two categories of architecture singularities should be avoided with the following dimensional synthesis of such mechanism.     

一类2×2拟线性双曲守恒律组的奇性形成

本文在文[3]的基础上,进一步给出了包含均熵气体动力学方程组在内的一类2×2拟线性双曲守恒律组的奇性形成结果,证明了在“真正大初值”条件下,Lax定理仍然成立。     

大学与中学物理实验教学衔接问题研究

分析了中学物理实验教学现状,指出了大学物理实验教学与中学物理实验教学衔接存在的问题,并根据现代教育理论,提出了解决该问题的具体办法。