Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows

Known as the ‘third polar region’, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there. Previous studies of birds, animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence. The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood. We studied a human commensal, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels, in particular in muscle-related phenotypes, highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years. In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity, we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes. Through population genetic analyses, we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation, whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci, many of which are associated with muscle-related processes. Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution, shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment.     

Large-scale multiferroic complex oxide epitaxy with magnetically switched polarization enabled by solution processing

Complex oxides with tunable structures have many fascinating properties, though high-quality complex oxide epitaxy with precisely controlled composition is still out of reach. Here we have successfully developed solution-based single-crystalline epitaxy for multiferroic (1-x)BiTi_(1-y)/2Fe_yMg_(1-y)/2O₃–(x)CaTiO₃ (BTFM–CTO) solid solution in large area, confirming its ferroelectricity at the atomic scale with strong spontaneous polarization. Careful compositional tuning leads to a bulk magnetization of 0.07 ± 0.035 μ_B/Fe at room temperature, enabling magnetically induced polarization switching exhibiting a large magnetoelectric coefficient of 2.7–3.0 × 10⁻⁷ s/m. This work demonstrates the great potential of solution processing in large-scale complex oxide epitaxy and establishes novel room-temperature magnetoelectric coupling in epitaxial BTFM–CTO film, making it possible to explore a much wider space of composition, phase, and structure that can be easily scaled up for industrial applications.     

技术创新课程教学及成绩考核模式的构建

根据《技术创新》课程的性质及功能,提出了课题研讨式课内教学和技术创新实践式课外教学交叉配合的《技术创新》课程教学模式。在转变教育观念的基础上,提出了《技术创新》课程全程多方位成绩考核模式。     

基于网络的教学管理实践与思考

基于网络的教学管理具有涉及人员广泛、影响深刻、易于实践与检验的特点,因而可以做为建设数字化校园的突破口。本文以青岛大学教务在线的实践为例,探讨了高等学校实现在线教务管理的步骤、方法及应注意的问题,通过实践效果肯定了在线教务管理对教学管理工作的积极影响,指出了深化数字化校园建设中应进一步解决的问题。     

"朱子民本思想与当代"学术研讨会综述

"朱子民本思想与当代"学术研讨会,于2007年5月12日在安徽省黄山市召开,与会专家学者对朱子民本思想及其当代价值、朱子理学、朱子思想的历史影响、朱子其人及故里等方面的问题,进行了热烈而又深入的探讨,提出了一些新见解、新观点,进一步拓宽了朱子学研究的视野。     

互动式教学法在研究生土木工程专业英语中的应用

本文针对研究生土木工程专业英语教学现状及存在的问题,结合多年教学实践经验,就如何将互动式教学方式引入研究生土木工程专业英语教学给出了自己的看法,并提出了有效推进专业英语的教学改革的具体实施过程。     

延安市城区中小学啦啦操运动项目的开展现状及对策分析

以延安市城区中小学啦啦操运动项目的发展情况为研究对象,通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,从啦啦操运动员、教练员以及啦啦操的开展现状等方面进行研究分析,对延安市城区中小学啦啦操运动项目开展的状况以及发展中存在的问题进行了比较全面的掌握和分析,为啦啦操在延安市中小学校园中的更好、更快、更健康的发展提供合理化的建议,并在此基础上提出延安市中小学啦啦操运动发展的相应对策.     

论结构主义课程论对电视教材编制的启示

计算机、网络技术的飞速发展,对电视教材在教育中的应用提出了严峻的挑战,电视教材的编制要有新的思路和方法,才能更好的适应当代教育。试解读布鲁纳结构主义课程论的内涵,提出电视教材编制的新思路和观点,以期为今后提高电视教材的编制质量提供参考。     

网络环境下版权期刊订购现状分析及采购对策

高校图书馆外文电子期刊基本形成规模,分析了版权期刊订购现状及其存在的问题,并提出了版权期刊采购的新对策。     

跨世纪我国学校体育发展战略与对策研究

在全国范围对我国中小学体育工作现状作大样本调查,基本上摸清有关体育教学、课余体育训练、体育师资队伍和体育经费、场馆建设的状况,并进行因素分析。在现状分析基础上,确定５类１２项具体目标,经科学预测,提出在本世纪末学校体育发展战略目标以及实施目标的基本对策。