论伦理道德在出版业发展中的作用

出版业的发展除了依赖于政治、经济、科技的力量,还必须依靠伦理道德的作用.运用伦理道德规范来处理出版业的利益关系,以伦理道德规范作为发展出版业的有力支撑点和自律驱动力,将会加快出版业发展的速度.     

The reliability of distance run tests for children in grades K-4.

The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability for the 1-mile, 3/4-mile, and 1/2-mile distance run/alk tests for children in Grades K-4. Fifty-one intact physical education classes were randomly assigned to one of the three distance run conditions. A total of 1,229 (621 boys, 608 girls) completed the test-retests in the fall (October), with 1,050 of these students (543 boys, 507 girls) repeating the tests in the spring (May). Results indicated that the 1-mile run/walk distance, as recommended for young children in most national test batteries, has acceptable intraclass reliability (.83 less than R less than .90) for both boys and girls in Grades 3 and 4, has minimal (fall) to acceptable (spring) reliability for Grade 2 students (.70 less than R less than .83), but is not reliable for children in Grades K and 1 (.34 less than R less than .56). The 1/2 mile was the only distance meeting minimal reliability standards for boys and girls in Grades K and 1 (.73 less than R less than .82). Results also indicated that reliability estimates remained fairly stable across gender and age groups from the fall to spring testing periods, with the exception of the noticeably improved values for Grade 2 students on the 1-mile run/walk test. Criterion-referenced reliability (P, percent agreement) was also estimated relative to Physical Best and Fitnessgram run/walk standards. Reliability coefficients for all age group standards were acceptable to high (.70 less than P less than .95), except for Fitnessgram standards for 5-year-old girls on the 1-mile test for both fall and spring and for 6-year-old boys and girls on the 1-mile test administered in the spring.     

专家系统在图书馆的应用

<正> 目前,在美国和其他一些发达国家,专家系统已经或正在被运用到参考咨询、信息管理、图书采购编目、编制索引和数据库检索等许多领域中,它在图书馆的咨询领域中有比较广泛的应用价值。一、专家系统的基本概念1.专家系统的定义:广义地说,专家系统隶属于计算机科学,人工智能的一个从属领域。具体地说,专家系统是     

综合消除运动疲劳措施效果的初步观察

为解决优秀青少年运动员科学训练问题,对综合消除运动疲劳措施的效果进行了研究。31名受试者采用综合消除疲劳措施(健身按摩椅、带式按摩机、水负离子发生器及音乐等),于训练后放松平均252±10.2min。结果表明:综合消除疲劳措施有使小腿肌肉硬度下降、血流改善、中枢神经系统及神经肌肉功能改善等效果。经对3名重点队员追踪观察2周表明,在运动量相对较大的训练周中,身体机能恢复较好。     

提高编制水平 有效控制工程造价

提高工程造价编制水平,必须改变现有的计价模式。工程造价只有贯穿于建设项目的全过程才能得到合理确定。