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991.
Gerbert Sipman Jürg Thölke Rob Martens Susan McKenney 《British Educational Research Journal》2019,45(6):1186-1202
Pedagogical tact concerns a teacher's ability to adequately handle complex classroom situations that require immediate action. As such, pedagogical tact can be viewed as an enactment of teachers’ intuition. While most teachers, teacher educators, educational leaders and scholars readily recognise the importance of pedagogical tact (and by extension, intuition), few pre-service or in-service programmes devote explicit attention to developing this important teacher quality. This study set out to understand why. Specifically, data were collected to investigate how educators perceive intuition, and its role in teacher pedagogical tact. Ten focus group discussions were held with school board members, teacher educators, school principals, in-service teachers and pre-service teachers. Participants recognised two types of intuition commonly described in the literature (local and nonlocal), and affirmed the importance of intuition for teacher pedagogical tact. These educators also noted that teachers are rarely if ever encouraged to make conscious use of their intuition, let alone develop it. There was consensus that teachers differ in how well they are able to tune into their intuition. Though the scale of the study is small, the findings suggest that more attention should be given to developing teacher intuition and pedagogical tact than is currently the case. 相似文献
992.
Prof. Dr. Matthias Baer MBA Mirjam Kocher Corinne Wyss Titus Guldimann Susanna Larcher Günter Dörr 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2011,14(1):85-117
This contribution looks at the competency development during teacher training and entry into work. The multi-perspective research design makes it possible to collate data at five stages within this transition process: at the start (t1), in the middle (t2) and on completion (t3) of teacher training for primary school level (year 1–6) student teachers in two education colleges in Switzerland, as well as novice teachers at the start (t4) and on competition (t5) of their first year of work. The data covers eleven topic areas. This paper will present findings of data analysis for two of these topic areas for all five stages of measurement: (a) knowledge of lesson planning was captured using case vignettes and (b) teaching practice during the study program and in the first year of work was recorded on video. The same data was collated from the teaching staff involved in the practical training of the student teachers. The statements on the case vignettes were studied using content-analysis. The lesson videos were analyzed using low-inference coding for the visible occurrences during teaching and with a high-inference rating on the quality of the lessons. The results, including those for a comparison of student teachers and novice teachers with practical teacher training staff, give insights into the effectiveness of teacher training and the impact of practical experience in the first year of work on knowledge of how to plan lessons and on the form and quality of teaching. Overall, the new training at both education colleges can be given a pleasingly positive appraisal in terms of professionalization. It is, however, also possible to recognize where and to what extent a need for further developing the standard of professionalization of teaching still exists. 相似文献
993.
994.
Since the late 1990s, broad discussions on education and educational quality have given impetus to the implementation of many
new measures aimed at the improvement of schools in Germany. In this context, school inspections have been introduced in all
16 German federal states during the last 6 years. In the meantime, scientific research into the functioning of this steering
instrument has begun. In this article, first empirical findings on the effects of school inspections in Germany are presented
by drawing on a survey study with 468 principals of schools in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia that were externally
evaluated during the years 2005 to 2008. Findings indicate that school inspection results are considered by a large group
of stakeholders within schools and that they are discussed in different settings. In many schools, development measures have
already been planned and implemented. Moreover, first effects are perceived in different fields. On the whole, findings agree
with the results of two thematically related German studies but draw a less heterogeneous picture than the international research
context. 相似文献
995.
996.
为脱除烟气中的气相汞和 NOx,进行了贵州无烟煤中添加 NH4 Br 对烟气汞氧化脱除协同脱硝的实验研究.在热重分析仪上研究添加 NH4 Br 对着火温度和燃烧特性的影响.在6 kW 流化床燃烧(FBC)试验装置上研究了在煤中不同 NH4 Br 添加量对气相汞氧化脱除的影响.采用安大略法(OHM)对烟气中汞形态浓度进行了测定并得出汞质量平衡.结果表明,添加 NH4 Br 对贵州无烟煤的着火温度没有影响.原煤燃烧汞质量平衡率为95.47%,颗粒汞 Hgp、气态 Hg0和 Hg2+比例分别为75.28%,11.60%,13.12%.由于飞灰中含有较高的未燃尽碳,烟气中 Hgp 浓度较高.随着 NH4 Br 添加量从0增加至0.3%,烟气中气态 Hg0和 Hg2+减少,Hgp 相应增加.Hg0的氧化率与煤中 Br 的添加量成正相关.这表明煤燃烧中添加 NH4 Br 可促进 Hg0的氧化和脱除.烟气中 NOx 随着 NH4 Br 的添加呈减小趋势,其脱除率在0.3%添加量时达最大(17.31%).添加 NH4 Br 同时具有协同脱硝的作用. 相似文献
997.
A mathematic model of two-phase flow and a physical model of two-dimensional (2D) vertical section for the plate-type structured packing Mellapak 250.Y were set up and verified. The models were used to study the influence of packing’s surface microstructure on the continuity of liquid film and the amount of liquid holdup. Simulation results show that the round corner shape and micro wavy structure are favorable in remaining the continuity of liquid film and increasing the amount of liquid holdup. The appropriate liquid flow rate was determined by investigating different liquid loadings to obtain an unbroken liquid film on the packing surface. The pressure difference between inlet and outlet for gas phase allowed gas and liquid to flow countercurrently in a 2D computational domain. The direction change of gas flow occurred near the phase interface area. 相似文献
998.
Irmela Blüthmann Steffen Lepa Felicitas Thiel 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2008,11(3):406-429
The article gives an overview of current state of research concerning study drop-out. Then, on basis of successfully validated scales from literature, a new instrument for measuring personal reasons for abandoning bachelor study programs is developed and tested for reliability and validity. A study drop-out, based on study conditions and study demands, will be tested by a path model. 相似文献
999.
The ‘Green Classroom’ in the Botanical Garden of Ulm is an experiential learning forum outside school. Its educational concept
is based on experimental learning and is geared towards expanding biological knowledge and developing positive attitudes towards
small animals such as invertebrates and insects. The attitudes of 68 school students towards small animals, before and after
they visited the ‘Green Classroom’, were assessed and the answers they gave in their questionnaires were compared with those
of 60 students froma control group that was not yet exposed to this learning environment. Although the students spent only
one morning in the ‘Green Classroom’, some of their attitudes towards small animals improved after their visit. These studies
underscore the necessity for direct observation and familiarization of the environment including small animals such as invertebrates
and insects for appreciating issues related to biodiversity and conservation. 相似文献
1000.
Raphaela Heesen Emilie Genty Federico Rossano Klaus Zuberbühler Adrian Bangerter 《Learning & behavior》2017,45(4):390-405
Social play has a complex, cooperative nature that requires substantial coordination. This has led researchers to use social games to study cognitive abilities like shared intentionality, the skill and motivation to share goals and intentions with others during joint action. We expand this proposal by considering play as a joint action and examining how shared intentionality is achieved during human joint action. We describe how humans get into, conduct, and get out of joint actions together in an orderly way, thereby constructing the state of “togetherness” characteristic of shared intentionality. These processes play out as three main phases, the opening (where participants are ratified and joint commitments are established), the main body (where progress, ongoing commitments, and possible role reversals are coordinated), and the closing (where the intention to terminate the action is coordinated and where participants take leave of each other). We use this process in humans as a framework for examining how various animal species get into, maintain, and get out of play bouts. This comparative approach constitutes an alternative measure of those species’ possession of shared intentionality. Using this framework, we review the play literature on human children and different social species of mammals and birds in search of behavioral markers of shared intentionality in the coordination of play bouts. We discuss how our approach could shed light on the evolution of the special human motivation to cooperate and share psychological states with others. 相似文献