Solid acid catalysts in green chemistry

This article deals with various ‘supported’ acid catalysts developed as alternatives for the conventional ones in organic synthesis. They have advantages such as producing less toxic waste and using less energy.     

论教育评论形态

教育评论形态是指教育评论的形式和状态,它是教育评论学研究的理论问题之一.教育评论形态的划分依人们视点的不同而万紫千红.按教育评论主体的不同可以分为:大众教育评论、专家教育评论、行家教育评论.大众教育评论是基础;专家教育评论是基于大众教育评论基础上的专业性评论,是行家教育评论的基础;而行家教育评论则是立足于大众教育评论,建立在专家教育评论之上的"教育评论金字塔"塔顶.     

大型数据库交叉型数据鲁棒性挖掘模型仿真

在大型流媒体数据库数据集中,交叉性数据的鲁棒性挖掘结构建立是实现对数据库差异属性分类和数据访问的基础。传统方法对大型数据库中的交叉性数据的鲁棒性挖掘结构建模采用基于遗传算法的数据集聚调度方法,存在较大的路径损耗,数据挖掘的鲁棒性不好。提出改进的基于局部离群点检测遗传进化的大型数据库交叉型数据挖掘模型,构建基于遗传算法的大型流媒体数据库挖掘结构,进行大型流媒体数据库中交叉型数据信息流特征预处理,结合交叉性型数据的离群因子概念,调整流媒体数据调度的位置变换策略,实现交叉性数据的鲁棒性挖掘算法改进。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能有效数据挖掘的a最大匹配率和局部离群点检测性能,保证了数据挖掘的鲁棒性,各项参数指标优于传统方法,展示了较好的应用价值。     

可变精度衰减调制的Linux嵌入式任务调度算法

对嵌入式Linux系统进程中的任务调度算法设计是保证操作系统稳定和高效运行的核心要素。传统的嵌入式Linux系统任务调度算法采用分簇能耗调度的PSO遗传进化算法,当任务复制和区间插入失衡时,调度效果不好。提出一种基于可变精度衰减调制的Linux嵌入式任务调度算法,首先进行Linux嵌入式任务调度平台总体设计,进行任务信息流模型构建,将嵌入式系统客户端将创建好的任务流提交给服务器,结合任务流集合中各任务流的优先级属性和提交时间,进行变精度衰减调制,得到Linux嵌入式分簇任务调度模型。实验结果表明,该算法无论是单个任务流还是在多任务流调度运行环境下,改进算法的任务调度耗时较少,通过可变精度衰减调制,保证了多任务流中的任务能够按照流程优先级属性以及提交的先后次序进行合理的分配,有效提高了Linux嵌入式系统的运行效率。     

Quantitative detection of cells expressing BlaC using droplet-based microfluidics for use in the diagnosis of tuberculosis

This paper describes a method for the quantitative detection of cells expressing BlaC, a β-lactamase naturally expressed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, intended for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The method is based on the compartmentalization of bacteria in picoliter droplets at limiting dilutions such that each drop contains one or no cells. The co-encapsulation of a fluorogenic substrate probe for BlaC allows the quantification of bacteria by enumerating the number of fluorescent drops. Quantification of 10 colony forming units per milliliter is demonstrated. Furthermore, the encapsulation of single cell in drops maintains the specificity of the detection scheme even when the concentration of bacteria that do not express BlaC exceeds that expressing BlaC by one million-fold.     

汉译佛经中“人称/指示代词+曹辈”初探

汉译佛经中"人称/指示代词+曹辈"结构很是常见,分析研究发现该结构中的"曹辈"是一个语法化程度较高的复数标记,正处于由词汇向词缀演变的过渡阶段,但是不能等同于现代汉语中的词缀"们"。这种用法的主要原因是翻译过程中受原典语言影响。     

A multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol recombinant human interleukin-6 (PEG-rhIL-6) in rats

Radiation therapy has been widely applied in cancer treatment. However, it often causes thrombocytopenia (deficiency of white blood cells) as an adverse effect. Recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) has been found to be a very effective way against this thrombocytopenia, but IL-6 has low stability in blood, which reduces its efficacy. To increases the stability and half-life of rhIL-6, it was modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The pharmacokinetics and the tissue distribution of PEG-rhIL-6 labeled with ¹²⁵I were examined after subcutaneous injection in rats. The pharmacokinetic pattern of PEG-rhIL-6 was defined with linear-kinetics, and we fitted a one-compartment model with half-lives of 10.44–11.37 h (absorption, t _{1/2K a}) and 19.77–21.53 h (elimination, t _1/2Ke), and peak concentrations at 20.51–21.96 h (t _peak) in rats. Half-lives and t _peak of PEG-rhIL-6 were longer than those of rhIL-6 previously reported. In the present study, for deposition of PEG-rhIL-6 in rats, the tissue distribution examination showed that blood was the major organ involved, rather than liver. However, as to the elimination of PEG-rhIL-6, the major organ was the kidney. The excretion fraction of the injection dose recovered from urine was 23.32% at 192 h after subcutaneous administration. Less than 6% of PEG-rhIL-6 was eliminated via the feces at 192 h. These results indicate that PEG-rhIL-6 is a good candidate drug formulation for patients with cancer.