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101.
William Yat Wai Lo 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2010,30(2):127-139
This article primarily aims to investigate the effects of decentralization on educational autonomy in Taiwan through historical and documentary analysis. To draw an analytical framework, it begins with a brief examination of the concept of autonomy. This is followed by an examination of how decentralization has influenced the state-institution-individual relationship in Taiwan's higher education by using a three-level hierarchical model. After analyzing decentralization as empowering practices, it argues that the emergence of a performativity culture has generated an antinomy of the decentralization reforms, in which decentralization has formed a new ecology of education administration in Taiwan on the one hand, and simultaneously has brought the issue of bureaucratization in education on the other. 相似文献
102.
103.
William Yat Wai Lo 《Higher Education》2009,58(6):733-745
This paper aims to investigate the possible framework for encouraging the presence of local dimensions in an internationalised
and globally competitive system by using Taiwan’s higher education system as a case. It begins by discussing the notion of
internationalisation and its implications for higher education. It then turns to look at Taiwan’s responses to these global
developments. It also reviews different opinions on the position and importance of local dimensions in the world of globalised
higher education. Based on these perspectives, the paper advocates promoting the concept of state-building in Taiwan’s as
well as in other higher education systems for preserving or even strengthening the local dimensions of individual academic
systems operating in the international knowledge network. 相似文献
104.
Because of the high sensitivity of chaotic systems to their initial conditions, synchronization of chaotic systems with uncertain parameters has been a challenging problem especially in noisy environment. Since synchronization of the transmitter and receiver systems involves recursive estimation, recursive nonlinear filters are called for and the extended Kalman (EKF) filter and unscented Kalman (UKF) filter have been applied. However, such suboptimal filters incur high synchronization errors and provide no capacity for uncertain environment, which motivated the use of the neural filter for chaotic synchronization in this paper. The neural filter, which is a recurrent neural network, can approximate the minimum-variance to any degree. Furthermore, the neural filter can adapt to a uncertain environment without online filter weight adjustment, which is computationally efficient. Numerical experiments show that the chaotic synchronization scheme based on the neural filter outperforms those based on EKF and UKF by a large margin. 相似文献
105.
Michele Lo Robert J. Aughey William G. Hopkins Nicholas Gill 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(18):2051-2056
ABSTRACTThe extent to which travel has affected Super Rugby teams’ performances was analysed using outcomes of all matches played from the beginning of the competition in 1996 to the end of the 2016 season. Points difference and matches won or lost were predicted with general and generalized mixed linear models. The predictors were the linear effects of number of time zones crossed and travel duration based on the teams’ locations for each match and their locations in the previous week. The away-match disadvantage was also estimated, along with trends in all these effects. In 1996 the predicted combined effect of eastward travel across 12 time zones was a reduction of 5.8 points scored per match, resulting in 4.1 more matches lost every 10 matches. Corresponding effects for westward travel were 6.4 points and 3.1 matches. In 2016 effects travelling eastward were 3.7 points and 2.3 matches, whereas travelling westward the effects were 3.7 points and 1.5 matches. These travel effects were due mainly to the away-match disadvantage: 5.7 points and 3.2 matches in 1996; 5.2 points and 2.3 matches in 2016. Teams in Super Rugby are dealing successfully with long-haul travel and should now focus on reducing the away-match disadvantage. 相似文献
106.
Cell migration is an essential process involved in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Electric fields (EFs) are one of the many physical and chemical factors known to affect cell migration, a phenomenon termed electrotaxis or galvanotaxis. In this paper, a microfluidics chip was developed to study the migration of cells under different electrical and chemical stimuli. This chip is capable of providing four different strengths of EFs in combination with two different chemicals via one simple set of agar salt bridges and Ag/AgCl electrodes. NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were seeded inside this chip to study their migration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to different EF strengths and the presence of β-lapachone. We found that both the EF and β-lapachone level increased the cell migration rate and the production of ROS in an EF-strength-dependent manner. A strong linear correlation between the cell migration rate and the amount of intracellular ROS suggests that ROS are an intermediate product by which EF and β-lapachone enhance cell migration. Moreover, an anti-oxidant, α-tocopherol, was found to quench the production of ROS, resulting in a decrease in the migration rate. 相似文献
107.
Prospective elementary teachers must understand fraction division deeply in order to meaningfully teach this topic to their future students. This paper explores the nature of the subject content knowledge of fraction division possessed by a group of Taiwanese prospective elementary teachers at the beginning of their mathematics methods course. The findings provide preliminary evidence that many prospective Taiwanese elementary teachers have developed the knowledge package of fraction division as described by Ma (Knowing and teaching elementary mathematics: Teachers?? understanding of fundamental mathematics in China and the United States. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, 1999). The nature of various strategies used by these teachers provides further illustration of a secure common content knowledge that can serve as a benchmark for the development of mathematics courses for prospective teachers. However, the findings also show that the tasks of representing fraction division, through either word problems or pictorial diagrams, are challenging even for those highly proficient in elementary and middle school mathematics. The broader implications of this research for the international community are discussed, and recommendations for elementary teacher education programs are presented. 相似文献
108.
Pakey Pui-man Chik Connie Suk-han Ho Pui-sze Yeung David Wai-ock Chan Kevin Kien-hoa Chung Hui Luan Lap-yan Lo Wendy Suet-yee Lau 《Reading and writing》2012,25(3):679-699
The present study examined the role of syntactic skills for reading comprehension in Chinese. Two hundred and seventy-two
Chinese children were tested on their phonological processing, orthographic, morphological, syntactic, and literacy skills
at Grades 1 and 2. Hierarchical multiple regression results showed that syntactic skills, in terms of word order, connective
usage, and knowledge of morphosyntactic structure (measured by an oral cloze task) in Grade 1, significantly predicted sentence
reading comprehension in Grade 2 after controlling for the children’s age, IQ, and word level reading-related cognitive skills
in Grade 1, and word reading in Grade 2. As in alphabetic languages, syntactic skills are essential for reading comprehension
in Chinese. The unique roles of individual syntactic skills for understanding sentences in Chinese are discussed. 相似文献
109.
新古典主义经济学和凯恩斯主义经济学对就业问题都提出了各自的理论见解.但是,由于这些理论分析范式各异,欠缺合理的对话平台.本文试图根据相关文献中"模型构建不同完成条件"构建一共同分析框架,对这些理论的代表性失业模型进行重新阐释和对比.通过分析比较发现,这两大理论体系关键区别之一在于对定价行为的看法,前者将厂商视为"价格的接受者",而后者将厂商视为"价格的制定者". 相似文献
110.
如梦亦如电:美国近代图书馆业如是观 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
近代美国图书馆事业发轫于资源共享。全国依仗私人、政府、企业机关等的捐赠和资助,在不同的图书馆积累了亿万本图书与其他知识资源。通过优越的检索与传递系统,绝大部分的人民都能利用馆际互借,享用绝大部分的知识宝藏。资讯爆炸促进技术的发展,使资讯共享更为快捷方便而增加使用量。因此由于供求的循环冲击,并受到社会的公信,美国图书馆业将继续迈进。以后的专业高峰,不限于势在必行的“数字图书馆”,也应该是还没有受到充分注意而万分重要的“资讯启蒙”。在资源共享的范畴上,将趋向全球共享才可以满足个别图书馆的需求。参考文献2。 相似文献