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991.
Skamp Keith Boyes Eddie Stanisstreet Martin Rodriguez Manuel Malandrakis George Fortner Rosanne Kilinc Ahmet Taylor Neil Choker Kiran Shweta Dua Ambusaidi Abdullah Cheong Irene Kim Mijung Yoon Hye-Gyoung 《Research in Science Education》2021,51(3):861-887
Research in Science Education - Voting for various pro-environmental governmental policies is an indirect, but potentially effective, action that citizens can take to reduce global warming (GW) and... 相似文献
992.
Cognitive profiling in Chinese developmental dyslexia with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders
Won Shing Raymond Chan Se Fong Hung Suet Nga Liu Cheuk Kiu Kathy Lee 《Reading and writing》2008,21(6):661-674
The cognitive profiles of children with Developmental Reading Disorder (RD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders
(ADHD) have been extensively studied in alphabetic language communities. Deficits in phonological processing and rapid naming
have been implicated as core features of RD although whether the latter is a deficit specific to RD remains controversial.
Similar research aiming to explore the cognitive profiles of children with both RD and ADHD in non-alphabetic language communities
is limited. The specificity of rapid naming deficit to RD among Chinese has yet to be studied. In the first study, 43 Chinese
children with confirmed diagnoses of RD + ADHD were assessed on their cognitive abilities in relating to reading. In the second
study, the specificity deficit hypothesis of rapid naming to RD but not ADHD was examined. A digit naming test was administered
to the RD + ADHD group (43 subjects) and an ADHD only group (49 subjects). In regard to cognitive profiling, rapid naming
and orthographic knowledge were found to be the most common deficits among the Chinese RD + ADHD group. This co-morbid group
was also found to have a significant deficit performance on the rapid naming task than the ADHD only group. The present findings
support the double dissociation hypothesis in cognitive deficit between RD and ADHD. The results of both studies are discussed
with reference to the findings of the Western counterparts. 相似文献
993.
Introductory electromagnetism is a central part of undergraduate physics. Although there has been some research into student
conceptions of electromagnetism, studies have been sparse and separated. This study sought to explore second year physics
students’ conceptions of electromagnetism, to investigate to what extent the results from the present study are similar to
these results from other studies, and to uncover any new forms of alternative conceptions. Data for this study came from 15
in-depth interviews. Three previously unreported alternative conceptions were identified in the study: 1) induced current
varies proportionately with current in solenoid; 2) there must be contact between magnetic flux and the external coil in order
for any emf to be induced in the coil; 3) coulombic or electrostatic potential difference is present in an induced electric
field. These alternative conceptions were manifested in these students’ explanations of electromagnetic phenomena presented
to them during the interviews. 相似文献
994.
Sooyeon Kim Alina A. Von Davier Shelby Haberman 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2008,45(4):325-342
This study addressed the sampling error and linking bias that occur with small samples in a nonequivalent groups anchor test design. We proposed a linking method called the synthetic function, which is a weighted average of the identity function and a traditional equating function (in this case, the chained linear equating function). Specifically, we compared the synthetic, identity, and chained linear functions for various‐sized samples from two types of national assessments. One design used a highly reliable test and an external anchor, and the other used a relatively low‐reliability test and an internal anchor. The results from each of these methods were compared to the criterion equating function derived from the total samples with respect to linking bias and error. The study indicated that the synthetic functions might be a better choice than the chained linear equating method when samples are not large and, as a result, unrepresentative. 相似文献
995.
Bernice Y.L. Wong Maureen Hoskyn Debbie Jai Patty Ellis Kim Watson 《Contemporary educational psychology》2008,33(4):757-784
Children in sixth grade randomly assigned to a teacher-made writing procedure anchored in the self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) model and training procedures were predicted to surpass children assigned to the comparison condition on dependent measures of writing clarity, organization, and cogency. The prediction was generally substantiated. The results suggest that the rate of change among individual children in the SRSD condition was faster than among children in the comparison condition on measures of clarity and organization. On the measure of cogency, findings showed that the rate of change among individuals in the SRSD condition compared to the comparison condition approached but did not reach statistical significance. Variance in growth parameters on the measure of writing clarity was statistically significant; however on the measure of organization, there was no substantive variation in individual growth parameters. Social validity data from all the children and teachers indicated the training was well received. The results are taken to support the efficacy of the SRSD model and training procedures. 相似文献
996.
Raymond P. Perry Robert H. Stupnisky Lia M. Daniels Tara L. Haynes 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2008,23(4):459-475
Attributional (explanatory) thinking involves the appraisal of factors that contribute to performance and is instrumental
to motivation and goal striving. Little is understood, however, concerning attributional thinking when multiple causes are
involved in the transition to new achievement settings. Our study examined such complex attributional thinking in the transition
from high school to university, a shift from familiar to novel learning environments, in the context of Weiner’s attribution
theory (1972, 1985, 1995, 2006). At the start of the academic year, students rated the extent to which each of six common
attributions contributed to poor performance to ascertain their relative importance to each other. A fixed order of attributions
was reported as contributing to poor performance that was identical across five independent cohorts of first-year students
(effort, test difficulty, strategy, professor quality, ability, luck, respectively). Cluster analysis revealed that students
differed in combining these attributions into clusters suggesting diminished or enhanced control over poor performance. These
differences in attribution clusters were associated with cognitive and affective outcomes at the start of Term 1, and with
course grades and GPA at the end of Term 2. Student differences in complex attributional thinking are discussed in terms of
transitions to new achievement settings. 相似文献
997.
Since their inception in 1993 at an Australian university, the workshop tutorials in physics have evolved and grown beyond the initiating department. In this paper, we adopt an interpretive perspective to: (i) reflect on why the tutorials continue to be successful; (ii) use models from literature to understand that success; and (iii) abstract key features that can inform scholarly inquiry into teaching and learning in higher education in other contexts and discipline areas. Practitioner (action) research and design‐based research not only provide useful methodological frameworks that support the success of the workshop tutorials, but they also offer a worthwhile methodological strategy for fostering scholarly inquiry into university teaching and student learning. 相似文献
998.
Early childhood education and care experiences play an important role in children's development and school readiness with, in general, sustained exposure to high quality, center-based care leading to positive outcomes. Hispanic parents have been shown to be less likely than others to place their children in center-based care, particularly when children are very young—a pattern that contrasts African American parents’ tendency for earlier use of center-based care. This paper examines child care choice from a contextual perspective. Using a multi-level modeling approach, we consider ethnicity and race, at the individual and neighborhood levels, in relation to the age at which children first participate in non-parental care and the type of care they first experience. Using data from the ECLS-K, the 1990 Census and other contextual sources, we demonstrate that Hispanic parents’ later use of care is explainable by economic and work participation factors at the family level, while neighborhood proportion of Hispanic individuals is associated with delayed entry into child care. In contrast, the observed early use of care among African American families persists after accounting for economic and work factors, and appears independent of differences in neighborhood context. Limitations and implications for policy and practice are discussed. 相似文献
999.
Research on teachers’ professional identity integrates many constructs that are treated independently in most cases. This study described the associations between components of teacher professional identity and their association with teachers’ general pedagogical beliefs. Secondary teachers (n = 236) completed a survey about several components of their identity (self-efficacy beliefs, motivation to become a teacher, affective commitment and perceived type of expertise) and general pedagogical beliefs (constructivist and direct transmission). Multidimensional scaling revealed that the components could be mapped on two dimensions: form of motivation and degree of subject specificity. The resulting map revealed four meaningful groups of components. Furthermore, whereas direct transmission general pedagogical beliefs were found to be strongly tied to an identity grounded in the subject taught, constructivist beliefs were independent of identity components. This study provides new insight into the structure of teacher professional identity and its relevance for teaching. 相似文献
1000.
Lou Ann S. Dickson Philipp S. Schrankel Raymond W. Kulhavy 《Instructional Science》1988,17(2):145-157
Two experiments were conducted which examined conjoint retention of spatial and verbal information in memory. The first experiment examined processing of text with simultaneous active dual coding. With spatial and verbal information from experiment one, the second experiment examined the effects of introducing dual coding prior to text processing and keyed recall to what was encoded prior to reading. Recall of both concrete features and events referring to these features was keyed to constructive encoding processes. Even minimal cueing produced better recall than no cues. Spatial primers produced not only better recall of features, but subjects who encoded spatial primers demonstrated increased ability to recall those primers. Results were interpretet in terms of dual coding theory for encoding and retrieval. 相似文献