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141.
This study examined the feeling state content of 3- and 4-year-olds' narratives. Four times throughout the school year, each child was paired with a familiar adult and provided an opportunity to talk with the adult about his/her day. Children's narratives were then coded for their feeling state content. Results revealed that children talk a great deal about affiliation, that sex differences emerge only in the context of interactive talk between adults and children, and that older children talk more about emotions than younger children when speaking spontaneously, but that these differences disappear when adults are able to provide “scaffolding” to the younger, less experienced, children. 相似文献
142.
143.
Rebecca Beaulieu-Bergeron Diane Morin 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2016,63(5):514-528
Research suggests that attitudes of typically developing children towards intellectual disability (ID) play an important role in the social integration and acceptance of children with IDs. To date, however, few studies have investigated children’s attitudes towards ID. The primary objective of this study was to examine the cognitive, affective, and behavioural components of children’s attitudes towards ID. Thirty-nine (14 boys, 25 girls) fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students participated in the study. Seven focus groups were created in five different schools. Results suggested that inaccurate beliefs and negative emotions regarding ID may contribute to social and school integration problems experienced by children with IDs. The findings of the present study could be useful for the development of education and awareness programs that promote the development of more positive attitudes towards ID. 相似文献
144.
Lucy Spowart Jennie Winter Rebecca Turner Penny Burden Kathryn Ann Botham Reema Muneer 《高等教育研究与发展》2019,38(6):1299-1312
ABSTRACTWith increasing moves globally towards the professionalisation of teaching in Higher Education, there is growing interest in the role of accredited professional recognition schemes that provide professional development for established university teaching staff. In the UK, There are now over 120 professional recognition schemes, resulting in institutionally focused evaluation studies examining their impact. This article contributes to this emerging body of work; it draws on cross-institutional data and Foucauldian theorising to address two important questions. In what ways does engagement with an institutional professional recognition scheme impact on participants’ teaching development, and how does institutional culture influence that engagement? The data illustrate that whilst institutional culture drives engagement, it did little to promote teaching development. Across the case-study institutions, neo-liberalism agendas were apparent. Some staff felt pushed to achieve professional recognition in response to the increasing use of metrics to measure the student experience and to inform institutional standing in league tables. Whilst evidence shows the process of seeking accreditation can lead to an enhancement in teaching practices, caution must be taken to ensure that the professional development opportunities offered by accreditation schemes are fully realised. 相似文献
145.
Lau AS Leeb RT English D Graham JC Briggs EC Brody KE Marshall JM 《Child abuse & neglect》2005,29(5):533-551
OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of the study was to identify a classification scheme, for determining the predominant type of maltreatment in a child's history that best predicts differences in developmental outcomes. METHOD: Three different predominant type classification schemes were examined in a sample of 519 children with a history of alleged maltreatment. Cases were classified into predominant maltreatment types according to three different schemes: Hierarchical regression analyses examined whether the HT, SFT, and EHT type classifications contributed to prediction of child behavior problems, trauma symptoms and adaptive functioning. RESULTS: After controlling for demographic factors, the HT definitions predicted four outcomes, while the SFT definitions predicted three, and the EHT classifications contributed to the prediction of five child outcomes. The co-occurrence of multiple types of maltreatment was robustly related to outcomes. However, the HT and SFT classifications predicted outcomes even after accounting for the co-occurrence of multiple maltreatment subtypes. CONCLUSION: A classification scheme that differentiates between type combinations and single maltreatment types may have the greatest predictive validity. Over and above knowing about co-occurrence of maltreatment sub-types, it is important to understand what type, or constellation of types, of maltreatment have been alleged in a child's history. 相似文献
146.
Dennis Raphael Ivan Brown Rebecca Renwick 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1999,46(2):157-168
Results that bear upon the psychometric properties of the Quality of Life Instrument Package are presented. The reliability and validity of quality of life data from a probability sample of 500 persons with developmental disabilities in Ontario were assessed. The data indicate that most of the instruments found in the package met acceptable psychometric standards. In some cases, specific domain scores need to be interpreted with caution. The Full Version of the instrument seems appropriate for ongoing practical program planning with clients. The Short Version seems especially appropriate for evaluation and monitoring purposes. 相似文献
147.
Marianne S. Meyer Frank B. Wood Lesley A. Hart Rebecca H. Felton 《Annals of dyslexia》1998,48(1):89-114
The Rapid Automatized Naming Test (Denckla and Rudel 1974) was studied cross-sectionally in an sample of kindergartners (n=342) at-risk for reading disability (Study 1), and longitudinally in an n=160 epidemiological normal sample of children tested in first, third, fifth, and eighth grades (Study 2). Study 1 showed
faster absolute naming speeds for those with near perfect untimed alphabet recitation, but the stronger and more orderly relation
(at r=.31, p<.0001) was between three levels of alphabet recitation accuracy and the relative number/letter naming speed advantage (ratio
of mean number/letter naming speed minus mean color/object naming speed over mean color/object naming speed). In Study 2,
the number/letter advantage was already strongly present by first grade, and did not increase significantly thereafter, but
absolute naming times improved steadily across grades in an exponential decay function. In this sample, the relative number/letter
advantage was not related to reading level. However, the absolute color/object naming speed was strongly related to reading
level and vocabulary across grades. Norms for the Rapid Automatized Naming Test based on the epidemiological normal sample
tested in Grades 1, 3, 5, and 8 are presented in the appendix. 相似文献
148.
Sally Thomas Rebecca Smees George F. Madaus Anastasia E. Raczek 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》1998,5(2):213-246
This study examines the 1992 National Curriculum assessment data from one large LEA in England in order to address the issue of equity. For comparison purposes we also present additional data obtained front the same sample of pupils on an NFER standardised word recognition test. The report focuses on the relative performance of gender, low income, linguistic, and special needs groups on a standardised reading test and the teacher (TA) and standard task (ST) performance assessments administered in 1992 to 7‐year‐olds as part of the national curriculum (NC) in England and Wales. The impact of schools and teacher effectiveness on student attainments scores is also examined and discussed. Briefly, the findings show that irrespective of the method of assessment, differences in attainment were found between most pupil groups investigated. However, importantly, only very modest evidence was found that particular methods of assessment appeared either to reduce or increase the differences in attainment and overall no clear patterns emerged. The findings are discussed in the context of various factors that may have an impact on the assessment of student attainment. 相似文献
149.
Christina Weiland Rebecca Unterman Anna Shapiro Sara Staszak Shana Rochester Eleanor Martin 《Child development》2020,91(5):1401-1422
This study leverages naturally occurring lotteries for oversubscribed Boston Public Schools prekindergarten program sites between 2007 and 2011, for 3,182 children (M = 4.5 years old) to estimate the impacts of winning a first choice lottery and enrolling in Boston prekindergarten versus losing a first choice lottery and not enrolling on children’s enrollment and persistence in district schools, grade retention, special education placement, and third-grade test scores. There are large effects on enrollment and persistence, but no effects on other examined outcomes for this subsample. Importantly, children who competed for oversubscribed seats were not representative of all appliers and almost all control-group children attended center-based preschool. Findings contribute to the larger evidence base and raise important considerations for future prekindergarten lottery-based studies. 相似文献
150.
This study explores seven Swedish top-level women’s soccer players’ career development experiences. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews and a biographical mapping grid. The theoretical framework of ‘careership’ was employed to understand the data. The results showed homogenous career paths. Moreover, the data show that the players decided at a young age to pursue a career in soccer; experienced the transition from junior to senior level soccer as difficult because of a lack of physical preparedness; soccer over school commitments. We recommend that soccer stakeholders (e.g. federations, clubs, coaches) give the transition from junior to senior level soccer special attention to prevent intense demands that may cause dropout. We further propose that if athletes should give sport and education equal priority, the Swedish dual career concept of high school education and sport needs further reflection and adjustment. 相似文献