全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4347篇 |
免费 | 48篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 3357篇 |
科学研究 | 222篇 |
各国文化 | 83篇 |
体育 | 317篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
文化理论 | 61篇 |
信息传播 | 360篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 85篇 |
2018年 | 99篇 |
2017年 | 126篇 |
2016年 | 95篇 |
2015年 | 85篇 |
2014年 | 96篇 |
2013年 | 1109篇 |
2012年 | 72篇 |
2011年 | 93篇 |
2010年 | 70篇 |
2009年 | 97篇 |
2008年 | 109篇 |
2007年 | 98篇 |
2006年 | 99篇 |
2005年 | 91篇 |
2004年 | 84篇 |
2003年 | 98篇 |
2002年 | 79篇 |
2001年 | 70篇 |
2000年 | 72篇 |
1999年 | 64篇 |
1998年 | 60篇 |
1997年 | 63篇 |
1996年 | 63篇 |
1995年 | 61篇 |
1994年 | 50篇 |
1993年 | 55篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 60篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 55篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 47篇 |
1985年 | 58篇 |
1984年 | 30篇 |
1983年 | 41篇 |
1982年 | 41篇 |
1981年 | 43篇 |
1980年 | 32篇 |
1979年 | 63篇 |
1978年 | 32篇 |
1977年 | 47篇 |
1976年 | 33篇 |
1975年 | 31篇 |
1974年 | 38篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1971年 | 22篇 |
排序方式: 共有4401条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Melanie F. Sikorski Richard P. Niemiec Herbert J. Walberg 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》1989,2(4):42-50
Because business and industry training has become a major economic investment for the companies that support it, training managers are increasingly called upon to demonstrate that their interventions are not only effective but also cost-effective. This article describes a cost-effective methodology. It points out how cost-effectiveness differs from cost-benefit analysis. The technique combines meta-analytic and simple accounting procedures to yield an index of relative cost-effectiveness of training interventions. Using examples from the schools and corporate training, the authors demonstrate how the analysis can be applied to a large variety of training situations. 相似文献
112.
Christian Swann Lee Crust Patricia Jackman Stewart A. Vella Mark S. Allen Richard Keegan 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(23):2272-2280
Clutch performance is improved performance under pressure. However, little research has examined the psychological state experienced by athletes in these situations. Therefore, this study qualitatively examined the subjective experience underlying clutch performance across a range of sports (e.g., team, individual) and standards (Olympic to recreational athletes). Sixteen athletes (Mage = 27.08 years; SD = 6.48) took part in in-depth, semi-structured interviews primarily after an exceptional performance (M = 4.38 days later; SD = 3.14). Data were analysed inductively and thematically. Clutch states involved 12 characteristics, including heightened and deliberate concentration, intense effort, and heightened awareness, which distinguished the experience of clutch from other optimal psychological states such as flow. Other characteristics, such as perceptions of control, were also reported and supported previous experimental research on clutch. These findings present in-depth qualitative insights into the psychological state underlying clutch performance, and are discussed in relation to the existing literature on optimal psychological states in sport. 相似文献
113.
Richard C. Thelwell Christopher R. D. Wagstaff Michael T. Chapman Göran Kenttä 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(19):1928-1939
This study extends recent coach stress research by evaluating how coaches perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes, and the broader coach–athlete relationship. A total of 12 coaches working across a range of team sports at the elite level took part in semi-structured interviews to investigate the 3 study aims: how they perceive athletes to detect signals of coach stress; how they perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes; and, how effective they perceive themselves to be when experiencing stress. Following content analysis, data suggested that coaches perceived athletes able to detect when they were experiencing stress typically via communication, behavioural, and stylistic cues. Although coaches perceived their stress to have some positive effects on athletes, the overwhelming effects were negative and affected “performance and development”, “psychological and emotional”, and “behavioural and interaction” factors. Coaches also perceived themselves to be less effective when stressed, and this was reflected in their perceptions of competence, self-awareness, and coaching quality. An impactful finding is that coaches are aware of how a range of stress responses are expressed by themselves, and to how they affect athletes, and their coaching quality. Altogether, findings support the emerging view that coach stress affects their own, and athlete performance. 相似文献
114.
115.
Emer Van Ryswyk Richard Weeks Laura Bandick Michaela O’Keefe Andrew Vakulin Peter Catcheside 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):144-151
Objectives: To improve well-being and performance indicators in a group of Australian Football League (AFL) players via a six-week sleep optimisation programme. Design: Prospective intervention study following observations suggestive of reduced sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in an AFL group. Methods: Athletes from the Adelaide Football Club were invited to participate if they had played AFL senior-level football for 1–5 years, or if they had excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] >10), measured via ESS. An initial education session explained normal sleep needs, and how to achieve increased sleep duration and quality. Participants (n?=?25) received ongoing feedback on their sleep, and a mid-programme education and feedback session. Sleep duration, quality and related outcomes were measured during week one and at the conclusion of the six-week intervention period using sleep diaries, actigraphy, ESS, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Profile of Mood States, Training Distress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task. Results: Sleep diaries demonstrated an increase in total sleep time of approximately 20?min (498.8?±?53.8 to 518.7?±?34.3; p?<?.05) and a 2% increase in sleep efficiency (p?<?0.05). There was a corresponding increase in vigour (p?<?0.001) and decrease in fatigue (p?<?0.05). Conclusions: Improvements in measures of sleep efficiency, fatigue and vigour indicate that a sleep optimisation programme may improve athletes’ well-being. More research is required into the effects of sleep optimisation on athletic performance. 相似文献
116.
117.
118.
Richard Heidler 《Minerva》2011,49(4):461-488
Scientific collaboration can only be understood along the epistemic and cognitive grounding of scientific disciplines. New scientific discoveries in astrophysics led to a major restructuring of the elite network of astrophysics. To study the interplay of the epistemic grounding and the social network structure of a discipline, a mixed-methods approach is necessary. It combines scientometrics, quantitative network analysis and visualization tools with a qualitative network analysis approach. The centre of the international collaboration network of astrophysics is demarcated by identifying the 225 most productive astrophysicists. For the years 1998?C1999 and 2001?C2006 four co-authorship networks are constructed comprehending each a two year period. A visualization of the longitudinal network data gives first hints on the structural development of the network. The network of 2005?C2006 is analyzed in depth. Based on cohesion analysis tools for network analysis, two main cores and three smaller ones are identified. Scientists in each core and additionally in structurally interesting positions are identified and 17 qualitative expert interviews are conducted with them. The visualization of the network of 2005?C2006 is used in the interviews as a stimulus for the interviewees. An analysis of the three most often used keywords of the 225 astrophysicists is included and combined with the other data. The triangulation of these approaches shows that major epistemic changes in astrophysics, e.g. the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe, together with technical and organizational innovations, leads to a restructuring of the network of the discipline. The importance of a combination of qualitative and quantitative network analysis tools for the understanding of the interplay of cognitive and social structure in the sociology of science is substantiated. 相似文献
119.
120.