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131.
132.
Cornelis J. de Brabander Jeroen S. Rozendaal Rob L. Martens 《Learning Environments Research》2009,12(3):191-207
In this study, we assessed the feasibility of a specific elaboration of the efficacy construct, distinguishing between personal
and contextual aspects, as a criterion for comparing learning environments. The participants were 163 students from two student-regulated
and two teacher-regulated programs in higher education. We measured students’ perceptions of autonomy and various aspects
of perceptions of efficacy in common learning tasks. Using principal components analyses, we assessed the structure of all
the relevant variables. Subsequently, analyses of variance were performed with regulation source, discipline and grade level
as factors. All variables emerged as separate scales with high internal consistency. Students in student-regulated programs
reported a higher level of organisational efficacy expectancy, implying that these students perceived better organisational
conditions for supporting their task performance. It is concluded that the distinction between personal and contextual aspects
of efficacy is a promising distinction. However, a more fine-grained conceptualisation of teacher and student regulation is
needed. 相似文献
133.
Julie A. Timmermans Carmen Bruni Rob Gorbet Barbara Moffatt Gordon Stubley Diane Williams 《International Journal for Academic Development》2018,23(4):367-373
In a multidisciplinary Faculty Learning Community focussed on exploring threshold concepts and bottlenecks in learning, care emerged as an unanticipated dimension to our work, transforming the ways we view teaching, learning, our disciplines, and educational development. In this piece, we reflect on the types of care that emerged and consider implications for educational development. 相似文献
134.
The present study investigated whether text structure inference skill (i.e., the ability to infer overall text structure) has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension on top of the variance accounted for by sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. Furthermore, it was examined whether the unique predictive value of text structure inference skill differs between monolingual and bilingual Dutch students or students who vary in reading proficiency, reading fluency or linguistic knowledge levels. One hundred fifty-one eighth graders took tests that tapped into their expository text comprehension, sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge, metacognitive knowledge, and text structure inference skill. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that text structure inference skill has no unique predictive value for eighth graders’ expository text comprehension controlling for reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. However, text structure inference skill has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension in models that do not include both knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge as control variables, stressing the importance of these two cognitions for text structure inference skill. Moreover, the predictive value of text structure inference skill does not depend on readers’ language backgrounds or on their reading proficiency, reading fluency or vocabulary knowledge levels. We conclude our paper with the limitations of our study as well as the research and practical implications. 相似文献
135.
In recent guidelines for fair educational testing it is advised to check the validity of individual test scores through the use of person‐fit statistics. For practitioners it is unclear on the basis of the existing literature which statistic to use. An overview of relatively simple existing nonparametric approaches to identify atypical response patterns is provided. A simulation study was conducted to compare the different approaches and on the basis of the literature review and the simulation study guidelines for the use of person‐fit approaches are given. 相似文献
136.
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138.
Abstract This study examined the relationship between intensity of training and changes in hydration status, core temperature, sweat rate and composition and fluid balance in professional football players training in the heat. Thirteen professional football players completed three training sessions; “higher-intensity” (140 min; HI140), “lower-intensity” (120 min; LI120) and “game-simulation” (100 min; GS100). Movement demands were measured by Global Positioning System, sweat rate and concentration were determined from dermal patches and body mass change. Despite similar environmental conditions (26.9 ± 0.1°C and 65.0 ± 7.0% relative humidity [Rh]), higher relative speeds (m · min?1) and increased perceptions of effort and thermal strain were observed in HI140 and GS100 compared with LI120 (P < 0.05). Significantly (P < 0.05) greater sweat rate (L · h?1) and electrolyte losses (g) were observed in HI140 and GS100 compared with LI120. Rate of rise in core temperature was correlated with mean speed (r = 0.85), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) (r = 0.61), loss of potassium (K+) (r = 0.51) sweat rate (r = 0.49), and total sweat loss (r = 0.53), with mean speed the strongest predictor. Sodium (Na+) (r = 0.39) and K+ (r = 0.50) losses were associated with total distance covered. In hot conditions, individualised rehydration practices should be adopted following football training to account for differences in sweat rate and electrolyte losses in response to intensity and overall activity within a session. 相似文献
139.
Hechuan Sun Bert P. M. Creemers Rob de Jong 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(1):93-122
This research provides policy-makers, researchers, and educators at all levels with a glimpse of the contextual influence on effective school improvement (ESI) in 8 European countries. What are the factors at the contextual level, particularly at the national level, which influence ESI? Are there any similarities or differences between the influences they exert on ESI in different countries? Can common traits be identified? These are the core questions this paper tries to explore. It has drawn on insights from 5 areas of research: school effectiveness; school improvement; curriculum; public choice (marketization); organization, organizational learning, and learning organization. This yields a “goal – pressure – support” conceptual framework accompanied by 10 contextual factors and 48 indicators. Given the original conceptual framework and the empirical support of 31 case studies contributed by 8 European countries, the findings of this study may have significant implications for policy, practice, school effectiveness, and school improvement. 相似文献
140.
Julia Diederen Harry Gruppen Rob Hartog Alphons G. J. Voragen 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2005,14(5-6):495-507
One of the modules in the course Food Chemistry at Wageningen University (Wageningen, The Netherlands) focuses on quantitative
problem-solving skills related to chemical reactions. The intended learning outcomes of this module are firstly, to be able
to translate practical food chemistry related problems into mathematical equations and to solve them and secondly, to have
a quantitative understanding of chemical reactions in food. Until 3 years ago the learning situation for this module was inefficient
for both teachers and students. For this learning situation a staff/student ratio of 1/25 was experienced to be insufficient:
the level of student frustration was high and many students could not finish the tasks within the scheduled time. To make
this situation more efficient for both students and teachers and to lower the level of frustration, digital learning material
was designed. The main characteristic of this learning material is that it provides just-in-time information, such as feedback,
hints and links to background information. The material was evaluated in three case studies in a normal educational setting
(n = 22, n = 31, n = 33). The results show that now frustration of students is low, the time in classes is efficiently used, and the staff/student
ratio of 1/25 is indeed sufficient. A staff student ratio of around 1/40 is now regarded as realistic. 相似文献