Bullying,depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts

Bullies, victims and pupils neutral to bullyingwere compared on depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts.The sample included 2,088 Norwegian boys and girls in grade 8. The results revealed that both bullies and victims had significantly higher mean scores than neutral pupils on both depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. Victims had a significantly higher mean score on depressive thoughts than the bullies. On suicidal thoughts, the mean score for bullies was above that of the victims, but this differencewas not significant. Girls had significantly higher mean scores than boys on both depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. This was the case for all pupils, and for victims, bullies and the neutral pupils. Questions of causality between depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts and involvement in bullying are discussed and research on this issue is suggested.     

The One-Man Band by the Quick Lunch Stand: Modeling Audience Response to Street Performance

This paper considers street performance, or busking,focusing on differences between performance in thisenvironment compared with the standard concertsetting. First, in contrast with a set, known ticketprice, the price of street performance isendogenously determined. Second, busking generallyinvolves a joint product: music and charity, wherecharity is produced internally by the audience andhas as its principal input the price paid for music.We show that these facts call into question somegeneral conclusions of conventional public financemodels, which suggest that the major efficiency problemwith busking is its inability to preventfreeriding behavior, and that freeriding, while efficient at the individuallevel, is inefficient at the societal level. In contrast, we argue in thispaper that busking, with freeriding and all, is not unambiguously inferior toconcert hall performance in terms of efficiency.     

LATENCY‐AGED CHILDREN'S VIEWS OF AGING

This study investigated the contents of children's attitudes toward the elderly and compared these attitudes with the children's attitudes toward young people.

The Children's Views on Aging (CVOA) questionnaire was administered to 256 latency‐aged (8‐10 year‐old) children. The children were white and black, male and female, and came from both rural and urban backgrounds.

The children's responses to the CVOA were analyzed quantitatively using chi‐square and t‐tests. The results showed that children had some negative perceptions of the aging process, but positive views of the older person. Comparison of the children's attitudes toward older people and young people showed that the children's attitudes were more negative toward older people in the potency dimension of attitude but more positive toward older people in the evaluative dimension. The findings suggest that children's attitudes toward aging are complex and diverse. Important implications for educational practice are discussed.

This study formed part of Ronald Marks’ doctoral dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, 1980.