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911.
Investigating Information Culture: A Comparative Case Study Research Design and Methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gillian Oliver 《Archival Science》2004,4(3-4):287-314
This paper reports on the research design and methods used to investigate the interactions of organisational culture, defined
as encompassing layers of national, occupational and corporate culture, with information and its management. A central focus
of the study was recordkeeping in organisations. Consideration is given to the key concepts involved, and the two theoretical
frameworks which were used as analytical tools in the study are outlined— the information continuum model and Hofstede's dimensions
of national culture. Use of a case study methodology, analysis of the data collected and comparative analysis of findings
are all discussed. 相似文献
912.
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915.
The article argues that current methods for assessing the impact of the arts are largely based on a fragmented and incomplete understanding of the cognitive, psychological and socio-cultural dynamics that govern the aesthetic experience. It postulates that a better grasp of the interaction between the individual and the work of art is the necessary foundation for a genuine understanding of how the arts can affect people. Through a critique of philosophical and empirical attempts to capture the main features of the aesthetic encounter, the article draws attention to the gaps in our current understanding of the responses to art. It proposes a classification and exploration of the factors—social, cultural and psychological—that contribute to shaping the aesthetic experience, thus determining the possibility of impact. The ‘determinants of impact’ identified are distinguished into three groups: those that are inherent to the individual who interacts with the artwork; those that are inherent to the artwork; and ‘environmental factors’, which are extrinsic to both the individual and the artwork. The article concludes that any meaningful attempt to assess the impact of the arts would need to take these ‘determinants of impact’ into account, in order to capture the multidimensional and subjective nature of the aesthetic experience. 相似文献
916.
María Luisa Sanz de Acedo Lizarraga María Teresa Sanz de Acedo Baquedano María Soria Oliver 《Educational studies》2010,36(3):329-340
The objective of this research was to examine the effects of the instruction method “thinking actively in an academic context (TAAC)” on thinking skills, creativity, self‐regulation and academic achievement. The design was pre‐test–intervention–post‐test with control group. The sample included 46 participants (aged 16 to 18 years), 24 experimental and 22 controls. Before and after application of the method, six instruments were used to measure thinking skills and academic achievement. The method, divided into eight stages, was followed in each didactic unit during an academic course. The method allows teaching the thinking skills, the creativity and the self‐regulation simultaneously with the syllabus content. The results showed that greater changes were obtained with the new method of instruction in all the dependent variables. Relevant scientific and educational implications are drawn from the study. 相似文献
917.
Oliver W. Edwards Shannon L. Ray 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2010,32(3):178-190
Those involved in circumstances in which children are raised by their grandparents often encounter serious problems that require
assistance from counselors. Research suggests that grandparents and parents in these families typically experience heightened
stress and psychosocial distress. Additionally, the children often encounter behavioral, emotional, and academic difficulties.
These difficulties usually occur partly as a result of the factors that lead to grandparents having to assume responsibility
for the children. This paper provides a report of the phenomenon, particularly as it relates to the various members’ psychosocial
well-being. In addition, family and group counseling are advanced as valuable relational psychotherapeutic models to enhance
the well-being of the children, grandparents and parents involved. 相似文献
918.
While great progress has been made by the international community to promote inclusive education for all children, regardless
of race, ethnicity, socio-economic status, gender or disability, many countries still continue to marginalize and exclude
students in educational systems across the globe. High-stakes assessments in market-driven economies have increased exclusionary
practices. Using international databases and research studies, this paper provides evidence of the poor performance of high-stakes
assessment policies, particularly in the United States. The authors analyse and compare the key assumptions and consequences
of a market-based system of education with those of a system that is based upon the principles of inclusive education through
a school-community model and examples from Europe and Latin America. These models demonstrate that the twin goals of quality
and equity can be achieved within a system that addresses educational policy and practices more broadly than market-based
reforms. Conclusions call for policy-makers to respond to the discrimination and exclusion of various populations around the
world by considering the impact of current educational models and the potential they have to support genuinely inclusive education
for everyone. 相似文献
919.
Learning in virtual worlds: Using communities of practice to explain how people learn from play 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martin Oliver Diane Carr 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2009,40(3):444-457
Although there is interest in the educational potential of online multiplayer games and virtual worlds, there is still little evidence to explain specifically what and how people learn from these environments. This paper addresses this issue by exploring the experiences of couples that play World of Warcraft together. Learning outcomes were identified (involving the management of ludic, social and material resources) along with learning processes, which followed Wenger's model of participation in Communities of Practice. Comparing this with existing literature suggests that productive comparisons can be drawn with the experiences of distance education students and the social pressures that affect their participation. 相似文献
920.
Rodrigo P. Lemos Jonas A. Kunzler Diego F. Burgos B. Mário J. de Souza Hugo V.L. e Silva Yroá R. Ferreira Edna L. Flôres Oliver Sander 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(9):4949-4969
SEAD method estimates the direction-of-arrival angles on an uniform linear array based on the difference between the two largest singular values, what is called differential spectrum. Although it presented an outstanding performance, the ability to indicate the source positions was not elucidated yet. Inspired by the differential spectrum formulation we derived a total differential spectrum and found out that the matrix norm induced by the vector 2-norm of a modified spatial covariance matrix can be used to estimate the direction-of-arrival of multiple plane waves. Indeed we show that matrix norms are estimators and we propose their use instead of the singular value decomposition in SEAD-based methods. We present a general mathematical expression in order to explicit the operating principles of the proposed methods. Consequently, we were able to explain how the relation between the arriving and the search angles produces the larger peaks on the differential spectrum. To evaluate the important role played by matrix norms, a thousand experiments were carried out. They showed that the proposed approach proved to be as accurate as the previous SEAD-based methods, while providing a significant reduction on runtime. It also outperformed well-established methods like MODEX regarding the estimation error. 相似文献