6-磷酸山梨醇脱氢酶基因转化水稻(Oryza sativa L.)研究

以水稻品种秀水11的幼胚为外植体，对影响愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的因素进行了研究。结果表明：MS＋2，4－D 2mg/L作培养基，愈伤组织诱导率达100％，愈伤组织在MS＋6－BA 2mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L的培养基上，分化频率高达75．3％；在此基础上利用基因枪转化技术，将外源的6－磷酸山梨醇脱氢酶基因（gutD)导入水稻基因组，转基因植株表现出对NaCl较强的耐性。     

园林规划与文化表达探析

园林是一种通过各种不同的物质材料构成的艺术品,具有丰富的文化内涵。其文化主要可以通过命名和主题立意、园林风格、园林建筑及其细部装饰、植物配置等方式来表达。     

Promoting diversity in creative art education: the case of Fine Art at Goldsmiths,University of London

Students studying art at university in the United Kingdom tend to be female, from higher social classes and from majority ethnic groups. This paper considers some of the complex and deeply-rooted social and economic factors that militate against wider participation in the arts and describes how we started to tackle under-representation at Goldsmiths using a participatory action research approach. Working in partnership with local colleges, the project aimed to increase student diversity and widen participation in the Goldsmiths BA Fine Art Degree. The need for university applicants to have the ‘right sort’ of cultural capital is particularly marked in Fine Art, indicating that standard widening participation aspiration-raising activities would not solve the problem. A range of interventions were developed to support potential applicants, underpinned by participatory action research. The flexibility and responsiveness of the research model allowed us to reflect on and respond to issues as they arose and to achieve immediate positive impact.     

Getting Grandma Online: Are Tablets the Answer for Increasing Digital Inclusion for Older Adults in the U.S.?

Using information and communication technologies (ICTs) can improve older adults’ quality of life. ICT use is associated with decreased feelings of loneliness and depression, along with increased feelings of independence and personal growth. However, limited access and low technological self-efficacy are key reasons why some groups, especially older adults, are excluded from being fully engaged in the digital world. In this study, we focus on older adults’ technological self-efficacy, which is related to their actual use of technology and the second level digital divide. Specifically, we examine: (a) how older adults decide to use a new technology, tablet computers; (b) how they conquer the barrier of technological self-efficacy through using tablets; and (c) the impacts of using this new technology in their lives. Twenty-one in-depth interviews were conducted with older adults residing in independent living communities in a medium-sized city in the Deep South region of the United States. Observational and enactive learning played important roles for older adults in using tablets. Seeing others use tablets, getting recommendations from family members, or having tablets given to them were the primary reasons they started to use tablet computers. The ease of use feature of tablets helped solve the problem of lacking technological self-efficacy. Using tablets helped increase a sense of connectedness. Tablet computers may be one way to increase digital inclusion among older adults.     

课堂焦点问题自我诊断与治疗:本质、内容与步骤

课堂焦点问题自我诊断与治疗是教师本人依据一定的标准通过对自己的课堂教学生态系统诸要素的"诊视"与"判断",发现并总结经验,分析存在的急需解决的主要问题并借鉴焦点解决短期心理治疗技术自觉地提出改进措施的一种方法和技能。聚焦问题,以解决问题为焦点,注重发展导向,按照发现问题、设定目标、探索例外、信息反馈、实践验证的步骤与方法,把解决与教师及其教学活动相关的问题列为诊治的"焦点",有利于快速解决课堂教学现实问题,提高教师专业能力,促进学生的健康发展。     

四川省民办幼儿园管理现状调查与对策分析

以四川省223个民办幼儿园为调查对象,对四川省民办幼儿园的管理现状进行调查,存在的问题为:政府对民办园的支持、监管不足;办园背景多样,办园条件参差不齐;内部管理体制不科学,缺乏民主;财务管理需进一步规范;教师聘用和职后管理有待优化;保教水平差别大.对存在的问题提出建议:建立科学、合理的现代幼儿园管理体制;优化教师招聘和职后管理工作;改善办园条件,提升保教质量;重视和加强幼儿园园长培训工作;优化家、园、社合作发展的管理工作.     

“儿童中心论”下的“去小学化”审视

现今幼儿教育"小学化"现象愈演愈烈。幼儿教育"去小学化"与"去传统化"并重是科学幼儿教育实施的关键所在,以儿童发展为中心是幼儿教育"去小学化"的根本支撑。杜威的"儿童中心论"思想为我国幼儿教育"去小学化"提供了有益参考。"儿童中心论"下"去小学化"的路径为:教育者观念"内化"是关键,教育模式创新是驱动力,家园并重建设是基础,幼儿教育课程开发是生命,幼儿教育资源建设是保障。     

Analyzing the degree of technology use occurring in pre-service teacher education

Technology is not in the forefront of teacher education program thinking and planning. Yet, it is the tool dramatically changing education. Internationally, the role of technology has evolved from the role of assisting the teacher in personal management to using technology for instruction. To respond to this need, universities are altering courses to infuse the introduction and utilization of technological tools to enhance instruction. The end product is that pre-service teachers should graduate with the skills to seamlessly integrate technology to advance student learning. This study looks at a large comprehensive university’s available data on pre-service teachers regarding their utilization of technology. The focus of the study was to (a) document the technology skills within the university's capstone project, (b) examine the capstone project data to confirm or refute the premise that pre-service teachers integrate technology, and (c) review other internal data to assess pre-service teacher competencies on technology.     

西藏拉萨市区妇女婚姻与家庭状况调查分析

本文重点阐述西藏拉萨市育龄妇女的婚姻与生育观以及家庭结构的状况，并通过对城市妇女文化程度分析进一步提出了当前社会主义市场经济及家庭和子女的自身利益的方面，存在的问题及对策。对此，社会和有关决策者都应重视和关心这一问题，以期从根本上减少乃至清除这些不利因素，使其呈现出健康向上的发展态势。     

混凝土单调加载下多轴强度准则研究

介绍了国内外对混凝土在多轴应力状态下（主要是二轴应力状态下）的工作特性及强度准则的研究状况，并作了综合分析及展望。