“Transforming” the Conversation: Rethinking Fair Use in Academic Course Reserves

The Association of Research Libraries' 2012 publication, Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Academic and Research Libraries, focuses heavily on the concept of transformative use within the fair use analysis. In some cases, the Association of Research Libraries advocates for using the entire work in an electronic format for course reserves. However, current approaches to electronic course reserves and fair use/transformative use arguments are not conducive to utilizing the Association of Research Libraries' recommendations. This article attempts to reframe the conversation by examining fair use in a broad context and the role of the class in the fair use analysis.     

Testing the persuasiveness of evidence: Combining narrative and statistical forms

This study provides an experimental test for the conclusions of the Allen and Preiss (1997) meta‐analysis that statistical evidence is more persuasive than narrative evidence. This investigation extends that finding to consider the case where a message combines statistical and narrative evidence to determine if a combination of evidence is more effective than a single form of support. This investigation using 15 messages and 1,270 participants finds that a message combining narrative and statistical evidence is more persuasive than a message using either narrative or statistical evidence alone.     

Practical Guides

NAB ENGINEERING HANDBOOK edited by E.B. Crutchfield (National Association of Broadcasters, 1771 N St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036---$210 including shipping/$150 for NAB/BEA members)

REPORT WRITING FOR BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY by Steven P. Golen, et al. (New York: Wiley, 1985---$29.95)

TELEVISION PRODUCTION WORKBOOK by Herbert Zettl (Belmont, Ca.: Wadsworth, 1985---price not given, paper)

COPY-TO-PRESS HANDBOOK by Judy Pickens (New York: Wiley, 1985---$41.00)

THE NEWSPAPER SURVIVAL BOOK: AN EDITOR'S GUIDE TO MARKETING RESEARCH by Philip Meyer (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985---$20.00)

PROFESSIONAL NEWSWRITING by Hiley Ward (San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985---price not given)

Contributor Bob Roberts writes of six recent titles

PROFESSIONAL VIDEO PRODUCTION by Ingrid Wiegand (White Plains, N.Y.: Knowledge Industry Publications, 1985---price not given, available in both cloth and paper)

DIRECTING TELEVISION AND FILM by Alan Armer (1986 [yes, that is 1986, believe it or not]---$22.95)

MODERN RADIO PRODUCTION by Lewis O'Donnell et al (1986---$21.95)     

Changes in self-esteem across the first year in college: the role of achievement goals

This longitudinal study examined the effects of achievement goals on the growth trajectories of self-esteem during the first-year at a comprehensive public university. College freshmen (N?=?311) were followed for one academic year with three time points. Between-individual differences and within-individual change in achievement goals were distinguished and used as predictors for the growth trajectories of self-esteem. A growth curve analysis revealed that initially high mastery goals and subsequent increases in mastery goals were related to high self-esteem while initially high performance-avoidance goals were related to low self-esteem. The initial levels of performance-approach goals were not related to self-esteem but subsequent increases in performance-approach goals were associated with low self-esteem. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Does group composition affect learning by invention?

Schwartz and Martin (Cogn Instr 22:129?C184, 2004) as well as Kapur (Instr Sci, this issue, 2012) have found that students can be better prepared to learn about mathematical formulas when they try to invent them in small groups before receiving the canonical formula from a lesson. The purpose of the present research was to investigate how the effectiveness of invention activities may be mediated by composition of the small groups in terms of their mathematical skills. In two studies, small groups of undergraduates engaged in an ??inventing standard deviation?? task. Results suggested that groups may need at least one member with high math ability to take advantage of ??learning by invention??. Groups consisting of both high and low math ability members generated a broader range of solution attempts during the invention task, and this seemed to be related to better uptake of the standard deviation formula from a later lesson.     

Higher Education,Academic Communities,and the Intellectual Virtues

Because higher education brings members of academic communities in direct contact with students, the reflective higher education student is in an excellent position for developing two important intellectual virtues: confidence and humility. However, academic communities differ as to whether their members reach consensus, and their teaching practices reflect this difference. In this essay, Ward Jones argues that both consensus‐reaching and non‐consensus‐reaching communities can encourage the development of intellectual confidence and humility in their students, although each will do so in very different ways.     

直面VoWi-Fi的设计挑战

随着宽带通信和Wi-Fi接入点的日益增多，以及VolP的日益普及，两种技术的融合近在咫尺，VolP-over-Wi-Fi（VoWi-Fi）有希望成为进一步推动VolP和宽带普及的理想应用。     

Transition planning: how well does it work for young people with learning disabilities and their families?

The legislation and guidance require that transition planning takes place for all children with a Statement of Special Educational Needs. The research reported here was undertaken by Linda Ward, Professor of Disability and Social Policy at the University of Bristol, where she is director of the Norah Fry Research Centre; Robina Mallett, Carer Support Officer at the Home Farm Trust; Pauline Heslop, Research Fellow at the Norah Fry Research Centre; and Ken Simons, Senior Research Fellow at the Norah Fry Research Centre until his untimely death in January 2003, to find out how well this legislation and guidance works in practice from the perspective of young people with learning disabilities and their families. Based on information from questionnaires completed by parents and separate in-depth interviews with youngsters with learning disabilities and their parents, this article reveals that many young people in the study left school without any transition planning, as far as their parents were aware. Where transition planning had occurred, there was a stark mismatch between the topics families wanted to cover and those addressed by the professionals involved. Many of the youngsters who did receive transition planning had little if any involvement in the process; parental involvement was also significantly less than it should have been. In drawing conclusions from their research, the authors review the most positive aspects of the process from the perspective of the young people and their parents; parents' ideas for improving transition planning; and messages from the research for professionals, including those working in education.