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81.
Many works have shown that a child, having to solve a problem, deals with the task according to the significations he gives to the problem-space he is facing and to the social space in which the task is inscribed. This article presents two experimentations dealing more particularly with the social space of solution of a classical task of comparison of identical pictures for which the experimenter asks for a judgement. They show how the introduction of slight contextual changes facilitates the variety of answers produced by 4–5 year-olds and 5–6 year-olds children, and consequently the production of answers centered on the relation of identity between the pictures. 相似文献
82.
83.
Elles J. de Schipper J. Marianne Riksen-Walraven Sabine A.E. Geurts Carolina de Weerth 《Early childhood research quarterly》2009
The present study examined whether stress in professional caregivers – as reflected in salivary cortisol levels – is related to the quality of their caregiving behavior. The 221 professional female caregivers in 64 child care centers were observed in three different situations and saliva samples were taken three times during the morning. Results showed that higher levels of cortisol, particularly at the beginning of the workday, predicted lower-quality caregiver behavior beyond the contribution of three other predictors, namely a higher self-reported physical workload, more children under age two in the care group, and lower caregiver age. Contrary to the expectation, higher cortisol levels did not mediate the relation between higher self-reported physical workload and more children under age two on the one hand and lower-quality caregiving behavior on the other. 相似文献
84.
Uwe Kombartzky Rolf Ploetzner Sabine Schlag Berthold Metz 《Learning and Instruction》2010,20(5):424-433
Based on current theories of multimedia learning, we propose a strategy for learning from animations. Two different experimental studies were conducted in order to evaluate the strategy. In the first study, 22 sixth graders learned from an animation without the strategy while 21 students were encouraged to make use of the proposed strategy during learning; use of the strategy was not monitored. The students who were encouraged to take advantage of the strategy learned significantly more than the students who were not asked to do so. In the second study, three groups of sixth graders were investigated. The first group consisted of 49 students who learned from an animation without the strategy. The second group consisted of 52 students who were encouraged to make use of the strategy during learning; but use of the strategy was not monitored. The third group consisted of 53 students who were also encouraged to make use of the strategy during learning and their use of the strategy was monitored. The results of the second study replicated the findings of the first study. Furthermore, learning was most successful when the students' use of the learning strategy was monitored. 相似文献
85.
Prof. Dr. Felicitas Thiel Dipl.-Psych. Sabine G. Richter Dr. Diemut Ophardt 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2012,15(4):727-752
Classroom management is one of the most important factors regarding the quality of teaching, because effective classroom management contributes to maximizing time on task. In an expert-novice study, strategies and interventions of effective classroom management were explored. Videotaped lessons of eleven experts and six novice teachers were analyzed comparatively, sequence by sequence. The study focused on transitions between seatwork or groupwork and two-way-presentations. The results strengthen the hypothesis that experts?? performance differs significantly from the performance of novices. Experts not only notice students?? difficulties in following the program of action at an early stage, but they also use many different strategies and interventions to direct the activity flow continuously and to activate the whole class. In comparison, novices often disrupt the timeflow themselves, they focus their attention selectively on parts of the class, and they are more prone to becoming absorbed when interacting with single students. An important aspect of experts?? competence is that they are able to intertwine single interventions. To put it another way: experts orchestrate their interventions virtuously. 相似文献
86.
87.
Students’ reasoning about electricity: combining performance assessments with argumentation analysis
Our study monitored the cognitive and motivational effects within different educational instruction schemes: On the one hand, teacher‐centred versus hands‐on instruction; on the other hand, hands‐on instruction with and without a knowledge consolidation phase (concept mapping). All the instructions dealt with the same content. For all participants, the hands‐on approach as well as the concept mapping adaptation were totally new. Our hands‐on approach followed instruction based on “learning at work stations”. A total of 397 high‐achieving fifth graders participated in our study. We used a pre‐test, post‐test, retention test design both to detect students' short‐term learning success and long‐term learning success, and to document their decrease rates of newly acquired knowledge. Additionally, we monitored intrinsic motivation. Although the teacher‐centred approach provided higher short‐term learning success, hands‐on instruction resulted in relatively lower decrease rates. However, after six weeks, all students reached similar levels of newly acquired knowledge. Nevertheless, concept mapping as a knowledge consolidation phase positively affected short‐term increase in knowledge. Regularly placed in instruction, it might increase long‐term retention rates. Scores of interest, perceived competence and perceived choice were very high in all the instructional schemes. 相似文献
88.
Alex Mottus Kinshuk Nian-Shing Chen Sabine Graf Ahmed Aldraiweesh 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2013,22(5):549-570
ABSTRACTTeacher support for students in ubiquitous learning environments is challenging owing to physical distance and a lack of reliable real-time multimedia-rich communication. This is further complicated because the learning process is dynamic and problems need quick resolution. Given these challenges, this study proposes an architecture for a teacher facilitation support system. The system was implemented in the form of an interactive teacher dashboard. The interface also generates possible solutions to learning challenges while leaving the ultimate decision up to the teacher. The system feasibility was tested by work-through scenarios designed and validated by two experts. The system usability was evaluated using the System Usability Scale by 40 potential users. The ?ndings revealed that the dashboard has good feasibility and usability for providing teachers relevant information about their students’ learning progress in ubiquitous learning environments. It also enabled opportunity for pedagogical intervention when needed. 相似文献
89.
Sabine Mengin 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1993,9(3):4-22
In France, book information disseminated on television reaches large numbers of potential purchasers and increases sales of
the books featured, despite a ban on advertising. There is a clear relationship between television appearances and bestsellerdom.
The ability of television to influence sales affects the behavior of book purchasers (who focus on a small number of rapidly
changing titles), publishers (who devote advertising and production budgets to mediagenic titles), and book-sellers (who devote
more shelf space to titles promoted on television). This article analyzes the impact of television on the book market and
on trends in production and editorial decision making.
Translated by Beth Luey. 相似文献
90.
Deborah Rivas‐Drake Eleanor K. Seaton Carol Markstrom Stephen Quintana Moin Syed Richard M. Lee Seth J. Schwartz Adriana J. Uma?a‐Taylor Sabine French Tiffany Yip Ethnic Racial Identity in the st Century Study Group 《Child development》2014,85(1):40-57
The construction of an ethnic or racial identity is considered an important developmental milestone for youth of color. This review summarizes research on links between ethnic and racial identity (ERI) with psychosocial, academic, and health risk outcomes among ethnic minority adolescents. With notable exceptions, aspects of ERI are generally associated with adaptive outcomes. ERI are generally beneficial for African American adolescents' adjustment across all three domains, whereas the evidence is somewhat mixed for Latino and American Indian youth. There is a dearth of research for academic and health risk outcomes among Asian American and Pacific Islander adolescents. The review concludes with suggestions for future research on ERI among minority youth. 相似文献