Reacquisition of learned taste aversions

In four experiments, it was found that rats subjected to extinction of conditioned taste aversions readily reacquired these aversions when subjected to conditioning once again. Two of the present procedures were very similar to those used by Danguir and Nicolaides in unsuccessful attempts to obtain reconditioning of extinguished taste aversions.     

Does Increasing Biology Teacher Knowledge of Evolution and the Nature of Science Lead to Greater Preference for the Teaching of Evolution in Schools?

This study investigated whether or not an increase in secondary science teacher knowledge about evolution and the nature of science gained from completing a graduate-level evolution course was associated with greater preference for the teaching of evolution in schools. Forty-four precertified secondary biology teachers participated in a 14-week intervention designed to address documented misconceptions identified by a precourse instrument. The course produced statistically significant gains in teacher knowledge of evolution and the nature of science and a significant decrease in misconceptions about evolution and natural selection. Nevertheless, teachers’ postcourse preference positions remained unchanged; the majority of science teachers still preferred that antievolutionary ideas be taught in school.     

Wikipedia and the University,a case study

This article discusses the use of Wikipedia by academics and students for learning and teaching activities at Liverpool Hope University. Hope has distinctive aspects but we consider the findings to be indicative of Wikipedia use at other British universities. First we discuss general issues of Wikipedia use within the university. Second, we examine existing research on Wikipedia use amongst students and academics. Based upon a sample of 133 academics and 1222 students, our principal findings were: (1) 75% of academics and students use Wikipedia; (2) student use is typically confined to the initial stages of assessments; (3) a quarter of academics provide guidance on how to use Wikipedia and (4) 70% of academics use Wikipedia for background information for teaching purposes, something that it is not influenced by whether student use is tolerated or not. Our conclusion is that whilst Wikipedia is now unofficially integrated into universities, it is not ‘the’ information resource as feared by many and that an enlightened minority of academics have attempted to assimilate it into their teaching.     

EXPLORES教学模式探析与应用研究

培养具有创新意识,能综合运用所学科学理论和技术手段,具备分析并解决工程问题能力的未来工程师,教学与社会需求紧密集合,缩小从学校步入企业的差距感,是美国辛辛那提大学学者提出的EXPLORES教学理念的核心思想。该文探讨了堆于知识泛化、自主解决问题、工程项目驱动的教学模式。以数字化制造教学为例,打造具有代表性的企业数字化制造车间模拟环境,打破课程界限,引入具有实际工程背景的项目,通过分组合作方式,展开教学实践。以期提高学生对实际工程领域中机械制造技术的认知,使教学更贴近社会需求。为促进学生从高校到工程技术岗位上的无缝转变提供建议与参考。     

Telecommunications

Rufus P. Turner's The Illustrated Dictionary of Electronics (Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.: TAB Books, 1980---$19.95/14.95)

Sam Fedida and Rex Malik's The Viewdata Revolution (New York: John Wiley, 1980--- $34.95)

The latest from the Harvard Program on Information Resources Policy (200 Aiken, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 02138)     

Computer History

FROM ENIAC TO UNIVAC: AN APPRAISAL OF THE ECKERT-MAUCHLY COMPUTERS by Nancy Stern (1981, 286 pp.—$25.00).

EARLY BRITISH COMPUTERS by Simon Lavington (1980, 139 pp.—$9.00, paper).

PROJECT WHIRLWIND: THE HISTORY OF A PIONEER COMPUTER by Kent C. Redmond and Thomas M. Smith (1980, 280 pp.—$25.00).

HERMAN HOLLERITH: FORGOTTEN GIANT OF INFORMATION PROCESSING by Geoffrey D. Austrian (originally published by Columbia University Press in New York: 1982. 418 pp.-819.95).

THE COMPUTER FROM PASCAL TO VON NEUMANN by Herman H. Goldstine (originally published by Princeton University Press in 1972, and also available since 1980 in paperback, 378 pp.—$25.00).

RECKONERS: THE PREHISTORY OF THE DIGITAL COMPUTER, FROM RELAYS TO THE STORED PROGRAM CONCEPT, 1935-1945, by Paul E. Ceruzzi (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1963— $29.95).     

Electronic Media

VIDEO MEDIA COMPETITION: REGULATION, ECONOMICS, AND TECHNOLOGY edited by Eli M. Noam (New York: Columbia University Press, 1985---price not given)

RESEARCH PAPERS SERIES (Research Program in Telecommunications and Information Policy, 726 Uris Hall, Columbia University, New York 10027—$5.00 each)

THE NEW VIDEO MARKETPLACE: A REGULATORY IDENTITY CRISIS by Erwin G. Krasnow and Jill Abeshouse Stern (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Program on Information Resources Policy, 1985---price not given, paper)

CABLE ADVERTISER'S HANDBOOK by Ronald B. Kaatz (Lincolnwood, IL: National Textbook Company, 1985---$19.95)

THE NEW INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL BROADCAST TELEVISION by Kathy Krendl et al (Bloomington, IN: Institute for Communication Research of Indiana University, 1985--- price not given, paper)     

Evaluation of Sexual Content in Teen-Centered Films From 1980 to 2007

Film has become a popular form of entertainment among teenagers and provides images from which teens model behaviors and form attitudes. This study addresses the understudied area of the portrayal of teen and adult sexual behaviors over nearly three decades in the top-grossing teen-centered films from 1980 to 2007. This study analyzes the frequency, nature, character portrayals, and consequences of sexual behavior. The results show that teen-centered films are replete with passionate kissing and sexual dialogue yet contain a modicum of implied intercourse and intimate touching. Moreover, the frequency of such occurrences has remained surprisingly constant over the last three decades. This research also reveals that teen-centered films, as a source for sexual socialization, are relatively impoverished when it comes to responsible messages dealing with abstinence, safe sex practices, and the health risks associated with sex.     

Prisoner Reentry Resources: An Annotated Guide

ABSTRACT

Prisoner reentry is an important and timely topic which can be challenging to research because it is so wide-reaching and includes so many subtopics. The aim of this guide is to outline the basic sources and necessary strategies to begin study in this area. The main part of this guide is a list of materials limited to those that have appeared since 2000. The second part of the guide gives direction to those who want to learn more, by recommending strategies including keywords and phrases which have been found to be of use. The issues related to prisoner reentry affect all of us. Public policy, legislative changes, and community survival require a knowledgeable citizenry. This guide can direct users to the information necessary to make meaningful decisions about these sometimes controversial issues.