Struggling to balance various stakeholders’ perceptions: the work life of ideo-political education teachers in China

As a compulsory course at universities throughout the Chinese Mainland, ideo-political education aims to safeguard university students’ political loyalty to the Communist Party. By employing a qualitative research method, this study investigated a renowned comprehensive university in southern China. The case study found that students expressed strong resistance to compulsory ideo-political courses. From the outset, teachers had to work to change students’ overwhelmingly negative perceptions of ideo-political education. Informants found that they could not attract student interest if they only strictly followed the state designed textbook, and therefore chose instead to cover topics they found more interesting and to discuss social issues in their lectures. However, the new curriculum reform and teaching quality assurance mechanism placed further restrictions on teaching and learning. Whether teachers could maintain enough autonomy to make the above adjustments depended on the understanding and support of key senior academics.     

Wie die Türken in unsere Köpfe kamen. Das Türkei-Bild in der deutschen Pädagogik zwischen 1820 und 1930

The article reconstructs the image of Turkey and the Turks that German education portrayed between 1820 and 1930. The analysis is based on educational periodicals and reference works from the historical eras of the German Confederation, the German Empire and the First World War, tracing the way old stereotypes persisted and new stereotypes arose. The study especially focuses on the opinions of German educationalists about schools in Turkey, Turkish women, Islam, the question of whether Turkey was part of Europe, and last not least on whether Ottoman educational policies were appropriate. Closely following the historical sources, the article shows how the opinions of German educationists changed according to the shift of Germany’s geopolitical interests, how their outlook went hand in hand with the views of the general press, and how they gradually came to a professional self-concept that contrasted ‘their’ educational system with what they believed was a ‘backward’ system in Turkey. At the same time they began to develop an interest in doing professional work in Turkey. The article can also be regarded as a contribution to the history of educational thinking in Germany in the course of the nineteenth century.     

The Impact of Access on Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Computers: An International Study

This international and interdisciplinary study investigated and compared computer access, attitudes and perceptions towards computers, and preferred settings for computer learning among college freshmen in Australia, China, Ghana, Puerto Rico and the US. The authors discuss implications for computer training in teacher preparation and international business management education. This paper also presents conclusions regarding the development of technological competency within the framework of the computer culture and socio-political circumstances. L'impact de 1'accès sur les perceptions et attitudes envers les ordinateurs: une étude internationale. Cette étude internationale et interdisciplinaire a recherché et comparé les possibilités d'accès À l'ordinateur, les perceptions et attitudes envers les ordinateurs et les environnements préférés pour l'apprentissage par ordinateur parmi les étudiants de première année de collège en Australie, Chine, Ghana, Puerto Rico et USA. Les auteurs discutent les implications de la formation par ordinateur pour la préparation des enseignants et l'éducation dans le management du business international. Cet article présente aussi des conclusions concernant le développement des compétences en matière de technologie dans le cadre d'une culture de l'ordinateur et de circonstances socio-politiques. Die Möglichkeit des Informationszugangs und ihr Einfluss auf Wahrnehmung und Einstellung zu Computern: eine internationale Studie. Diese internationale und interdisziplinäre Studie untersucht and vergleicht die Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu Computern, sowie die Einstellung zu ihnen and Umgang mit ihnen and bevorzugte Plätze für Computer gestütztes Lernen bei College Studenten des Erstsemesters in Australien, China, Ghana, Puerto Rico und den USA. Die Autoren besprechen Implikationen für die Computerausbildang bei Lehrern und die Ausbildang im internationalen Business Management. Die Studie veröffentlicht Ergebnisse and Beschlüsse zur Erlangung technologischer Kompetenz im Rahmen der Computerkultur und der soziopolitischen Umstände.     

Mind the Gap: Appropriate Evolutionary Perspectives Toward the Integration of the Sciences and Humanities

Although Darwinism has gained a foothold in the social sciences, in the humanities, with a few exceptions, it is still largely rejected—not, as some would claim, because humanists are all radical poststructuralists who deny that material reality exists, but rather because, with notable exceptions, Darwinists who work within the humanities have adopted a trenchant “us against them,” in-group/out-group mentality that has done a good deal more harm than good. In order for evolution to be effectively taught as part of a humanistic approach to literature and art, a more productive, truly “two way” approach is necessary, and must do more than impose the scientific method on the humanities. When this kind of imposition occurs, the humanities are treated only as subject matter, thereby discounting historical and interpretive research that is invaluable to scientists and claims they might make in these areas. This paper claims that for evolution to function as a paradigm with true explanatory power across disciplines, scientifically oriented evolutionists need training in humanistic methodologies just as much as humanistically oriented evolutionists need training in the scientific method. Evolution, in this context, becomes not the paradigm that can explain everything from a scientific point of view but rather the beginnings of a conversation about lower and upper level questions, and how these questions might inform and enrich each other’s research.