In vitro assessment of gastrointestinal viability of two photosynthetic bacteria, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodopseudomonas palustris</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodobacter sphaeroides</Emphasis>

The objectives of this study were to assess the potential of two photosynthetic bacteria （PSB）, Rhodopseudomonas palustris HZ0301 and Rhodobacter sphaeroides HZ0302, as probiotics in aquaculture. The viability of HZ0301 and HZ0302 in simulated gastric transit conditions （pH 2.0, pH 3.0 and pH 4.0 gastric juices） and in simulated small intestinal transit conditions （pH 8.0, with or without 0.3% bile salts） was tested. The effects of HZ0301 and HZ0302 on the viability and permeability of intestinal epithelial cell in primary culture of tilapias, Oreochrornis nilotica, were also detected. All the treatments were deter- mined with three replicates. The simulated gastric transit tolerance of HZ0301 and HZ0302 strains was pH-dependent and correspondingly showed lower viability at pH 2.0 after 180 min compared with pH 3.0 and pH 4.0. Both HZ0301 and HZ0302 were tolerant to simulated small intestine transit with or without bile salts in our research. Moreover, there was no significant difference （P〉0.05） among three treatments including the control and the groups treated with HZ0301 or HZ0302 both in intestinal epithelial cell viability and membrane permeability, showing no cell damage. In summary, this study demonstrated that HZ0301 and HZ0302 had high capacity of upper gastrointestinal transit tolerance and were relatively safe for intestinal epithelial cells of tilapias.     

Novel distribution pattern of fibrinolytic components in rabbit tissues extract： a preliminary study

Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate the distribution pattern of fibrinolytic factors and their inhibitors in rabbit tissues. Methods: The components of the fibrinolytic system in extracts from a variety of rabbit tissues, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen (Plg), plasmin (Pl) and α2 plasmin inhibitor (α2PI), were determined by colorimetric assay. Results: The tissue extracts in renal, small intestine, lung, brain and spleen demonstrated strong fibrinolytic function, in which high activity of tPA, Plg and Pl was manifested; whereas in skeletal muscle, tongue and stomach, higher activity of PAI-1 and α2PI showed obviously. Also excellent linear correlations were found between levels of tPA and PAI-1, Pl and α2PI, Plg and Pl. In related tissues, renal cortex and renal marrow showed distinctly higher activity of tPA and lower activity of PAI-1, with the levels of Plg and Pl in renal cortex being higher than those in renal marrow, where the α2PI level was higher than that in renal cortex. Similarly, the levels of tPA, Plg and Pl in small intestine were higher than those in large intestine, but with respect to PAI-1 and α2PI, the matter was reverse. In addition, the fibrinolytic activity in muscle tissue was lower, however, the levels of tPA, Plg, and Pl in cardiac muscle were obviously higher than those in skeletal muscles, and the levels of PAI-1 and α2PI were significantly lower than those in skeletal muscle. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that a remarkable difference of the fibrinolytic patterns exists in rabbit tissues, which has probable profound significance in understanding the relationship between the function of haemostasis or thrombosis and the physiologic function in tissues.     

Effect of a distal protection device on epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion in primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective: The beneficial effect of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been well established, but there is the problem of no-reflow phenomenon which is an adverse prognostic factor in primary PCI. In the present study the effect of a distal protection device (PercuSurge GuardWire; GW) on epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion was evaluated. Methods and Results: Patients with AMI were randomly divided into 2 groups, the GW and the control groups. The GW group included 52 patients with AMI who underwent primary PCI with GW protection and the control group included 60 patients who underwent primary PCI without GW protection. Epicardial blood flow in the infarct-related artery (IRA) and myocardial perfusion were evaluated according to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and the myocardial blush grade (MBG). We found TIMI score of 3 was obtained significantly more frequently in the GW group (96%) than in the control group (80%). The MBG score of 3 was obtained also significantly greater in the GW group (65%) than in the control group (33%). Conclusion: Primary PCI with GW protection can significantly improve epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Mrakia psychrophila</Emphasis> sp. nov., a new species isolated from Antarctic soil

The yeast strain （Y18） was isolated from a soil sample collected from Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica. The strain is a psychrophilic yeast with optimum and maximum growth temperatures of 10 ℃ and 18 ℃, respectively. Teliospores were formed after 7 d on malt agar, when the germination of teliospores was observed. Both inositol and D-glucuronate were assimilated. Positive results of the DBB （diazonium blue B） color reaction, urease test, and starch formation were observed. The major CoQ is Qs. All results indicated that Y18 belongs to the genes of Mrakia. The 18S rDNA sequence analyses showed that Y18 is closely related to Mrakiafrigida. DNA-DNA relatedness study, and some biochemistry characteristics indicated that Y18 represents a new species for which Mrakia psychrophila sp. nov. is proposed.     

域外观念与中国学制变革——基于20世纪30年代“社会教育制度建设”的考察

域外观念下的社会教育在近代中国遭遇到的不仅仅是简单的排斥或认同,更是一个本土传统的筛选和再培育过程。以20世纪30年代社会教育制度建设为中心,梳理社会教育与学校教育关系的纠葛,不仅揭示了近代中国教育体制转型过程的复杂性,更说明了教育传统的传承和创新之间的微妙关系,制度的移植和生成绝非一蹴而就,而且需要一个与本土传统逐渐融合和沉淀的过程。     

亚欧会议教育进程述评

亚欧会议是亚洲与欧洲之间级别最高、规模最大的政府间论坛。为推动亚欧高层教育战略磋商,拓展亚欧教育交流,第六届亚欧首脑会议决定启动亚欧教育部长会议机制。自2008年柏林会议以来,亚欧会议教育进程开展了一系列重要活动。亚欧会议教育进程时间虽短,但已经取得显著成效。亚欧合作中,欧盟仍是强势和主导的一方,但和谐共处、共同发展的教育理念得到充分的体现。目前,建立质量保障框架和认可机制是亚欧会议教育进程的核心工作,中国要积极为推动亚欧会议教育进程做贡献。     

研究型实验常用的研究方法

研究型实验的目的是培养学生应用知识、调配知识的能力,通过介绍常用于研究型实验的几种研究方法--观察法、模仿方法、对偶方法、组合方法和移植方法,可以加强学生在完成研究型实验中的自主性,使他们能应用这些方法去设计更多的创新实验.     

模态试验分析在教学中的应用和实践

模态试验分析是了解结构动态特性的有效手段.通过模态试验,可以计算出结构的固有频率、模态振型、阻尼比等参数,为结构设计与优化打下坚实的基础.在实验教学中,通过对模态试验的基本原理、主要步骤和试验中注意事项的介绍和分析,可以指导学生完成模态实验,加深学生对理论知识的理解和掌握,提高学生的动手能力、独立思考能力和分析解决问题的能力.     

基于虚拟模式的大型仪器开放共享平台的建设与应用

针对高等学校科研类大仪器设备的管理与使用,探讨仪器利用率低下或闲置的难题,在调研数据的基础上,阐释大型仪器开放共享平台的建设,证明开放平台可使高校的大型仪器设备的使用率和开放度(泛指仪器高端功能的开发)有一个质的变化.使之进入良性循环的轨道,发挥出仪器设备最佳效果和效益.     

提升学生实践与创新能力培养途径的探索

为了满足社会对高校毕业生的实践与创新能力的要求,分析了传统化学实验教学环节中存在的问题.以“校化学实验技能竞赛”促进本校化学实验的教学改革;以整合化工专业实验项目,优化实验教学内容,改进教学方法,使化工专业一些实验项目命题得以更新,实验项目更具综合性、设计性、开放性和研究性内涵,为学生提供了更具实效的创新实践技术平台.总结了组织化学实验技能竞赛和开设综合设计性实验的实施方式和效果,对学生实践与创新能力培养的途径进行了探索,并对今后实验教学的改革提出了一些建议.