Participatory instructional redesign by students and teachers in secondary education: effects on perceptions of instruction

Students’ perceptions of instruction are important because they direct the learning of students. The fact that teachers have only limited knowledge of these perceptions is likely to threaten the effectiveness of learning, because congruence between interpretations of an instructional intervention is necessary for its optimal use. This study examines participatory design as a strategy for taking student perceptions into account in instructional re/design. Participatory design meetings of groups of teachers and seven co-designing students in a secondary education setting identified changes to improve the regular education process. The results on changes in student perceptions, perceived-desired discrepancy, and teacher–student disagreement showed some improvement for the co-designers but, unexpectedly, limited or even negative effects for the non-co-designing students. Possible causes are discussed. Participatory design seems to have potential for improving education, but further research is needed.     

Forced suffocation of infants with baby wipes: a previously undescribed form of child abuse

BACKGROUND: Foreign body aspiration in children is commonly seen in emergency departments and carries a significant mortality. Abusive foreign body suffocation is not well described. METHODS: We present a case-series of four infants who presented with aspiration of a baby wipe. RESULTS: Each child was found to be a victim of child physical abuse with substantial morbidity and mortality associated with the aspiration of the wipe and associated injuries. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that infants who present with a baby wipe aspiration should be considered as likely victims of child abuse and physicians should evaluate each infant for associated injuries of the oropharynx, skin, skeleton, and head.     

How and where is artificial intelligence in the public sector going? A literature review and research agenda

To obtain benefits in the provision of public services, managers of public organizations have considerably increased the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. However, research on AI is still scarce, and the advance of this technology in the public sector, as well as the applications and results of this strategy, need to be systematized. With this goal in mind, this paper examines research related to AI as applied to the public sector. A review of the literature covering articles available in five research databases was completed using the PRISMA protocol for literature reviews. The search process yielded 59 articles within the scope of the study out of a total of 1682 studies. Results show a growing trend of interest in AI in the public sector, with India and the US as the most active countries. General public service, economic affairs, and environmental protection are the functions of government with the most studies related to AI. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) technique is the most recurrent in the investigated studies and was pointed out as a technique that provides positive results in several areas of its application. A research framework for AI solutions for the public sector is presented, where it is demonstrated that policies and ethical implications of the use of AI permeate all layers of application of this technology and the solutions can generate value for functions of government. However, for this, a prior debate with society about the use of AI in the public sector is recommended.     

以先进的办学理念引领初级任职教育院校科学发展

办学理念对办好一所院校至关重要。初级任职教育院校应准确把握办学理念的内涵与特征,走出办学理念的误区,提炼适合本院实际的先进的办学理念。结合汽车管理学院办学实践,解读了确立＂培育三军车勤精英,服务现代军交建设＂办学理念的基本做法。     

某高校消防工程专业毕业生就业去向调查

对某高校消防工程专业2007～2010届毕业生进行就业问卷调查并分析其就业去向,了解消防专业目前就业形势,为在校大学生就业指导工作提供参考依据。     

Studying Quality of Caregiving Behavior: The Roles of Infant,Mother, Father,and Culture

SYNOPSIS

This study showed that prenatal quality of caregiving behavior toward a crying simulator infant predicted the postnatal quality of caregiving behavior of both mothers and fathers.     

Combining full text and bibliometric information in mapping scientific disciplines

In the present study results of an earlier pilot study by Glenisson, Glänzel and Persson are extended on the basis of larger sets of papers. Full text analysis and traditional bibliometric methods are serially combined to improve the efficiency of the two individual methods. The text mining methodology already introduced in the pilot study is applied to the complete publication year 2003 of the journal Scientometrics. Altogether 85 documents that can be considered research articles or notes have been selected for this exercise. The outcomes confirm the main results of the pilot study, namely, that such hybrid methodology can be applied to both research evaluation and information retrieval. Nevertheless, Scientometrics documents published in 2003 cover a much broader and more heterogeneous spectrum of bibliometrics and related research than those analysed in the pilot study. A modified subject classification based on the scheme used in an earlier study by Schoepflin and Glänzel has been applied for validation purposes.     

On consistency of linear linearly constrained discrete time systems

This paper addresses the problem of giving consistency conditions for constrained linear discrete time systems in state space form. Conditions for various significant cases are given and analysed. Finally, the structure of the set of initial states for which consistency prevails and the set of reachable states are studied.     

6-磷酸山梨醇脱氢酶基因转化水稻(Oryza sativa L.)研究

以水稻品种秀水11的幼胚为外植体，对影响愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的因素进行了研究。结果表明：MS＋2，4－D 2mg/L作培养基，愈伤组织诱导率达100％，愈伤组织在MS＋6－BA 2mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L的培养基上，分化频率高达75．3％；在此基础上利用基因枪转化技术，将外源的6－磷酸山梨醇脱氢酶基因（gutD)导入水稻基因组，转基因植株表现出对NaCl较强的耐性。