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This study investigates how reading achievement relates to student and school characteristics in countries with different reading scores at the fourth grade level. Data comes from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2011 for Denmark, Sweden, and France and the multilevel analysis includes two levels: student/home and schools. The school effectiveness and the home literacy models informed the selection of the independent variables. Results show that students’ early literacy skills, home literacy practices and resources, and reading behavior are associated with reading scores in all countries. Furthermore, across different countries there are student/home universals and school particulars that explain variation in reading achievement. Educational policies should address home and school literacy skills and practices, school climate, and school composition to improve students’ reading ability. 相似文献
123.
ABSTRACTIn the last two decades, global citizenship education (GCE) has become a catchphrase used by international and national educational agencies, as well as researchers, to delineate the increasing internationalisation of education, framed as an answer to the growing globalisation and the high values of citizenship. These developments, however, have created issues, due to the presence of two conflicting discourses. While the discourse of critical democracy highlights the importance of ethical values, social responsibility and active citizenry, a neoliberal discourse privileges instead a market-rationale, focused on self-investment and enhanced profits. These two discourses are not separated; they rather appear side by side, causing a confusing effect. This article aims to analyse GCE as an ideology, unveiling not only its hidden (discursive) content but also the role played by non-discursive elements in guaranteeing the coexistence of antagonistic discourses. It will be argued that not only the critical democratic discourse does not offer any resistance or threat to the neoliberal structuring of higher education, but also this discourse can function as an apologetic narrative that exculpates all of us who still want to work in universities, notwithstanding our dissatisfaction with their current commodification. 相似文献
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Shelley Costa Thomas B. Hughes Professor Trevor Pinch 《Research in Science Education》1998,28(1):9-21
In this paper, we support the validity of drawing from science studies to reshape science education. While true educational
reform must involve alternative curricular structures, we stress that we do not propose here either a comprehensive curricular
framework or a report on a pilot classroom project, as our research perspective comes from science studies rather than from
education. Instead this paper is intended to encourage educators to draw from methodologies used in science studies to further
their goals in education research and in classroom teaching. First, we examine theoretical connections and divergences between
science studies and theories of education. Secondly, we discuss the benefits of teaching science as a social process and offer
some suggestions that can be introduced by classroom teachers into pre-existing science curricula. 相似文献
126.
João Martins Adilson Marques António Rodrigues Hugo Sarmento Marcos Onofre Francisco Carreiro da Costa 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(5):505-519
Based on a socio-ecological framework for physical education (PE), this study explored and analysed the perspectives of physically active and inactive adolescent boys and girls with different socioeconomic status (SES), regarding the meanings that PE had on their physical activity (PA) lifestyles throughout childhood and adolescence. An interpretative and qualitative design was adopted and operationalised through an individual two-hours in-depth interview. Thematic analysis identified five main themes that distinguish active from inactive adolescents: ‘Early experiences of PE at primary school’; ‘PE experiences in middle and secondary school’; ‘Friendly, professional and pedagogue. That’s what I want from my PE teacher’; ‘Friends in PE and PA’; ‘Active lifestyles? Are schools and PE ready for making a difference?…’. Regardless of the lifestyle, girls revealed more PE negative experiences, related to uninteresting and competitive activities, groups’ constitution and logistic factors. SES played a major role on their PA and PE experiences, with low SES adolescents having limited opportunities inclusively within the primary school PE context. This study provides evidence for the importance of promoting positive PE and PA experiences in early years. Based on adolescents’ voices, several recommendations are discussed that can be considered for improving PE professionals’ effectiveness in promoting active lifestyles. 相似文献
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O P Costa Leonardo Christine Chung-Wei Lin Debora Grossi Bevilaqua Marisa Cota Mancini Anne K Swisher Chad Cook Dan Vaughn Mark R Elkins Umer Sheikh Ann Moore Gwendolen Jull Rebecca L Craik Christopher G Maher Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro Amélia Pasqual Marques Michele Harms Dina Brooks Guy G Simoneau John Henry Strupstad 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2013,24(1):4-6
128.
Item response theory and the measurement of motor behavior 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Item response theory (IRT) has been the focus of intense research and development activity in educational and psychological measurement during the past decade. Because this theory can provide more precise information about test items than other theories usually used in measuring motor behavior, the application of IRT in physical education and exercise science merits investigation. In IRT, the difficulty level of each item (e.g., trial or task) can be estimated and placed on the same scale as the ability of the examinee. Using this information, the test developer can determine the ability levels at which the test functions best. Equating the scores of individuals on two or more items or tests can be handled efficiently by applying IRT. The precision of the identification of performance standards in a mastery test context can be enhanced, as can adaptive testing procedures. In this tutorial, several potential benefits of applying IRT to the measurement of motor behavior were described. An example is provided using bowling data and applying the graded-response form of the Rasch IRT model. The data were calibrated and the goodness of fit was examined. This analysis is described in a step-by-step approach. Limitations to using an IRT model with a test consisting of repeated measures were noted. 相似文献
129.
Costa Joana Martinho Miranda Guilhermina Lobato Melo Mrio 《Learning Environments Research》2022,25(2):445-463
Learning Environments Research - The four-component instructional design model (4C/ID) has been increasingly used in face-to-face and online learning environments. We present a meta-analysis on the... 相似文献
130.