International library program to prevent nuclear holocaust

The main focus of this paper is the funding of libraries in Nigeria. The sources of funds for libraries, which include the government, grants, donations and bequests, are discussed. The factors affecting the funding of libraries in Nigeria are highlighted. Finally, alternative sources for funding are also discussed.     

No yoga for Eric: lifelong learning from a small firm's perspective

An emphasis on lifelong learning as a route to economic competitive advantage forms the basis for current governmental policies directed at both firms and individuals. Since small firms are seen as vital for economic growth and development, this sector is a major target for lifelong learning based programmes. However, the views of those in this sector on lifelong learning are less well known. This study of 128 small firms explored the views of owner managers and key staff in these firms about lifelong learning. Despite the hype, owner managers still seemed unsure about the concept, showing the same resistance to embracing learning for all staff seen in earlier studies. However, whilst not recognizing its value for their company to achieve business needs, it was described as important in their own lives, particularly to achieve personal rather than business aims. Examples were also given of transfer of ideas and skills from leisure to work environments. Staff designated as ‘key’ by their managers saw learning as a continuous process, vital for their own future development. These staff had been the main participants of formalized firm learning and had also taken part in learning outside work for personal development. Further research would be needed to identity whether non-preferred staff shares this positive view of learning.     

Adult education,lifelong learning and citizenship: some ifs and buts

This paper suggests that the dominant discourse of lifelong learning is a political rather than an educational discourse. On this view, lifelong learning enables the deconstruction of welfare to be effected through the reconstruction of citizenship. Democratic citizenship properly understood, on the other hand, depends on determined progress towards a more equitable distribution of material and cultural resources among citizens. Education on its own can do little to ensure that such structural change takes place. It is, nevertheless, the task of critical adult education, as distinct from economistic models of lifelong learning, to raise such questions as urgent issues for democratic deliberation and debate, and to expand our notions of what it means to be active citizens in a democratic society. The paper contains the text of a talk given at the annual study conference of the UK's National Institute of Adult Continuing Education in April 2002.     

Classification of Emory University Male Freshmen in Physical Education Classes

Abstract

Venous blood pressure measurements were made by direct cannulation of the median antecubital vein. Measurements were taken at rest, during a 5-minute exercise on the bicycle ergometer, and during a 15-minute recovery period. The range of resting pressure was from 73 to 169 mm. water, with a mean pressure of 120 mm. water. The pressure during exercise increased in every case and was maintained throughout the exercise. The average increase was 118 mm. water, representing an increase of 95 percent. Venous pressure during recovery showed a very rapid drop during the first three minutes and then exhibited a progressively slower decline until a constant level was reached.