谈中医学对运动性疲劳的认识

如何尽快消除运动性疲劳,从而提高运动竞技能力,是当今世界运动训练科学和运动医学领域中最为重要的和正待解决的问题之一。关于运动性疲劳的研究,由来已久,但因认识和研究的方法不同,研究结果众说纷纭,各具特点。中医学是一门研究人体生理病理、疾病诊断与防治以及摄生康复的传统医学科学,其从整体观念和辨证论治出发,强调以"养"为主,提倡机体的"阴阳平衡",重视脏腑之间的联系,注重身心和谐发展,在运动医学的防治方面发挥了巨大作用,而中医学对运动性疲劳也有其独特的见解,文章将以中医学的视角对运动性疲劳的含义、病因、病机三方面进行论述,以期望能更好地发挥中医学在运动性疲劳的防治中的作用。     

基于文献计量的虚拟社区知识共享研究状况分析

本文采用文献计量学的方法,选择中国知网(CNKI)中国知识资源总库的相关数据库作为检索数据来源,2001-2010年10年间关于虚拟社区知识共享的研究论文作为分析数据,同时结合文献内容从文献总体、文献增长情况、空间分布、著者分布情况、研究热点、文献引用情况等角度分析我国关于虚拟社区知识共享的研究状况,总结虚拟社区知识共享研究的趋势和特点,希望对虚拟社区知识共享的深入研究提供一些借鉴与指导。     

Differential risk for developmental reading disorders in the offspring of compensated versus noncompensated parents

When one or both parents have a history of developmental reading disorder (RD) in childhood, the risk to their offspring for developing reading problems is substantially increased. However, risk research has usually assumed a stability of reading problems across the lifespan (i.e., if a parent was affected in childhood, he or she remains affected in adulthood). Yet, some individuals with RD in childhood compensate for the disorder as they grow older. Both an environmental and genetic hypothesis would predict that the risk for RD in offspring will vary as a function of parental compensation. This study examined whether risk to offspring was dependent on the parents' successful or unsuccessful compensation for their childhood reading problems. Two large family data sets were analyzed (N=907). Diagnoses with either an age discrepant or IQ discrepant criteria essentially showed that having at least one still affected parent (i.e., RD both as a child and as an adult) put the offspring at a higher risk for RD than having at least one compensated parent (i.e., RD as a child but not as an adult). The lowest risk to an offspring occurred when both parents were never affected (i.e., not RD as a child or as an adult). The implications of these findings are discussed with regard to counseling and early diagnosis of reading problems.     

The fluid infusion of musical culture: embodied experiences in a grade one classroom

ABSTRACT

Children’s daily, embodied music experiences are integral to how children live and function in the world. Growing out of a line of work focusing on the interplay between elementary children’s daily experiences of music, both in- and out-of-school and the impact on elementary music education curriculum, this research is nested within the theoretical discourses of experience, children’s musical culture, and children’s agency. Building upon this work, findings from a two-phase, 6-month inquiry, situated in an urban, Canadian, Grade 1 French Immersion classroom, draw upon the tools of ethnography and narrative inquiry, with the intention of deepening understandings of how informal music-making and sound function in children’s lives. Phase one findings highlight: (1) the frequency and spontaneity of children’s daily music experiences, both in- and out-of-school, (2) the nature of how music and sound function fluidly in a variety of contexts as integral to children’s experience, and (3) the power of musical behaviours in assisting young children to acquire French vocabulary and literacy skills. Important considerations for teacher education include: the necessity of creating space in elementary curriculum to engage children in music-making, integrating and infusing the Arts fluidly across the curriculum, and encouraging children autonomy in their musical engagement.     

An exploration of participative motivations in a community-based online English extensive reading contest with respect to gender difference

The purpose of this study is to describe an online community-based English extensive reading contest to investigate whether the participants’ intrinsic, extrinsic, and interpersonal motivations and learning results show significant gender differences. A total of 501 valid questionnaires (285 females and 216 males) from Taiwanese high school students and 15 interviewees from the students receiving awards were the subjects in this study. The findings show that females had a stronger participative intrinsic motivation, while males displayed a higher participative interpersonal motivation. Furthermore, female average scores were higher than the male ones on the comprehension tests. Even though the final results of the total scores for females were still higher than those of males, male scores for the interactivity tests were on average higher than those of females. The phenomena and implications behind the participative motivations are specifically discussed and explained.     

Student and Teacher Perceptions of the Use of Multimedia Supported Predict–Observe–Explain Tasks to Probe Understanding

This paper discusses student and teacher perceptions of a new development in the use of the predict–observe–explain (POE) strategy. This development involves the incorporation of POE tasks into a multimedia computer program that uses real-life, digital video clips of difficult, expensive, time consuming or dangerous scenarios as stimuli for these tasks. The program was created by the first author to be used by pairs of secondary physics students to elicit their conceptions of force and motion and encourage discussion about these views. In this computer learning environment, students were required to type full sentence responses that were recorded by the computer for later analysis by the researcher. Other data sources for this study included audio and video recordings of student discussions, interviews with selected students and their teachers, classroom observations, and student questionnaires. This paper will report on some findings from the study, focussing on student and teacher perceptions of the computer-mediated POE tasks. The findings have implications for the effective use of multimedia to enhance meaningful learning in science classrooms.     

地理教学中的美育琐谈

美育是地理学科教学的基本任务之一。地理教材和我们的周边地理环境中蕴涵着丰富的美育资源，这是地理教学实施美育的优势所在。在地理教学中实施美育，需要加强对地理教学中的美育内涵的理解，需要充分开发地理美育的课程资源，还需要选择有效美育方法。     

《哈利·波特与密室》

Harry Potter and his pals are back for their second year at Hog-warts School of Witchcraft(魔法) and Wizardry(巫术), but things get a little dicey (冒险的) when students are suddenly turned into stone and a message on the school walls proclaims the Chamber of Secrets has been opened. What can it all mean?     

Mary Boole and curve stitching: a look into heaven

Mary Everest Boole had a lifelong interest in the unconscious mind, the psychology of learning, and how these relate to the teaching of mathematics and science. She recommended many practical exercises and teaching aids, one of which was the technique of curve stitching, which she had invented while still a child herself.     

eVALUate: an evaluation instrument for measuring students’ perceptions of their engagement and learning outcomes

In the current climate in Australian higher education, quality assurance in university teaching is a priority. In particular, the introduction of the Learning and Teaching Performance Fund (LTPF) has refocused attention on universities’ internal student evaluation survey instruments. This paper reports the development, validation and implementation of a new unit survey instrument which prompts students to reflect on what helps their achievement of unit learning outcomes, and to report their levels of motivation, engagement and overall satisfaction with a semester‐long course or unit of study. The instrument (eVALUate) was created from precepts reported in the research literature, current practices in evaluating teaching, and sound quality assurance practices appropriate to a university outcomes‐focused education paradigm.