常用图书出版印刷技术设计系列检索尺(一)功能介绍

图书出版复制的技术设计工作中有许多非常专业的应用基础技术知识.技术编辑的专业职责之一是在选择图书开本时必须熟知常用各种图书开本的规格尺寸,以及相对应的各种开本规格所需采用最相匹配的纸张规格.同时,在计算图书印刷用纸量和核算用纸成本时必须正确判断各种不同克重、不同规格纸张在由"吨"换算成"令"时的数量;必须知道各种常用图书开本一个印张的页数;在测算整本书的书脊厚度时,必须首先掌握各种图书开本所选择的不同克重的纸张一个印张页数的厚度等等.对此,每一位出版专业技术人员在日常工作中常常必须花很多时间和精力去查阅相关资料,并进行复杂的运算才能获得所需要的技术数据.一些刚踏上专业岗位的新手,还必须在老师的指导和帮助下才能得以完成工作要求.     

A study of clinical questions posed by hospital clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: This article presents the results of complementary research studies on the behaviors of hospital clinicians in asking clinical questions and the relationship between asking of questions, outcome of information searches, and success in problem solving. METHODS: Triangulation in research methods--a combination of mailed questionnaires, interviews, and a randomized controlled study--was employed to provide complementary views of the research problems under study. RESULTS: The survey and interviews found that clinical problems (concerned mainly with therapy and equipment or technology) were expressed as statements rather than questions (average number of concepts = 1.7), that only slightly more than half (higher for doctors) of problems could be solved, and that the majority of clinical questions were not well formed. An educational workshop however improved clinicians' formulation of questions, but the use of structured prompting was found to improve building of hypotheses in the doctors' group without training. The workshop also improved satisfaction with the obtained information and success in problem solving. Nonetheless, for both the experimental and control groups, more structured and complete questions or statements did not mean higher success rates in problem solving or higher satisfaction with obtained information. CONCLUSION: The triangulation methods have gathered complementary evidence to reject the hypothesis that building well-structured clinical questions would mean higher satisfaction with obtained information and higher success in problem solving.     

美国舆论战在现代局部战争中的特点及策略

20世纪90年代以来，以美国为首的北约先后打响了海湾战争、科索沃战争、阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争四场现代局部战争。在这四场战争中，舆论战作为信息化战争时期的一种作战模式，与军事战紧密配合舆论战，主要以敌方意识形态为目标，通过各种媒介或渠道，运用意识渗透、政治进攻、舆论诱导等策略鼓舞士气，凝聚民心，分化瓦解敌对势力，争取国际社会支持，令其发生有利于己而不利于敌的变化，从而达到“不战而屈人之兵”的目的。它是达成国家战略目的不可或缺的重要手段之一。     

Not All Perceptual Gaps Were Created Equal: Explicating the Third-Person Perception (TPP) as a Cognitive Fallacy

Explicating the third-person perception (TPP) as a cognitive fallacy in the process of comparative social judgment of media effects, we propose that not all self–other perceptual gaps in media effects should be considered as TPP. When there is reasonably valid and accurate information regarding self vis-à-vis others on media consumption and vulnerability to media influence, the associated self–other gaps in media effects are not exaggerations, hence, not TPP. TPP results from cognitive biases in information retrieval and application in the process of comparative social judgments. Such biases are in the forms of self-other information differential, assimilation, contrast, and anchoring effects. Caveats in interpretation of extant evidence and implications for future TPP research are discussed.     

论提高普通高校成人教育管理人员素质

成人高等教育是我国高等教育的重要组成部分,普通高校是成人教育存在和发展的基础;成人教育管理工作具有服务对象复杂、工作职能多元、管理具有挑战性等特点;培养和提高普通高等学校成人教育管理人员的素质,对规范成人教育办学、保证成人教育质量、促进成人教育事业健康发展具有重要的作用。     

高校科技产业发展:问题与对策

高校科技产业是我国高校技术创新体系中最有活力的部分,它们发挥了大学智力密集、科技成果集中、人才资源丰富的优势.是我国高校技术创新成果快速转化发展的一条重要途径.本文总结了我国高校科技产业存在的问题并提出相应的建议,对高校的发展、改革和提高有着推动作用.     

专业人员能力框架模式与发展——以ICT专业为例

能力框架作为一种基本框架,为顺利开展科技人力资源能力建设提供了基础.文章在深入研究美、英、德三国信息与通信技术(ICT)能力框架的基础上,提出了职业导向、技能导向和开发流程导向的三种能力框架模式,比较分析了它们对ICT专业人员职业发展的作用和借鉴意义.     

国内外数字图书馆标准规范建设情况概述

阐述了数字图书馆标准规范的意义、范围与结构,介绍了国内外数字图书馆标准规范建设的现状。     

多元主体参与的科技馆区域协同发展模式研究

科技馆作为提升全民科学素质的重要基地,面临进一步提升科普服务能力、优化科普资源配置的急切需求。近年来,我国科技馆在区域协同发展、资源共建共享等方面取得了一些成功经验,逐渐摸索出总分馆制、科普联盟、社会共建等区域协同发展模式,有效推动了资源共享与社会协同程度,但也面临着发展不平衡、运行管理制度欠缺等困境。为了推进构建多元主体参与的科技馆区域协同发展新格局,应当坚持开放共享的发展思路,通过加强顶层设计,增强自身造血功能,构建评价体系等途径实现科技馆健康有序发展。