纳米制造研究领域的现状与发展——基于Inspec数据库分析

纳米制造在信息、材料、环境、能源、生物、医学和国防安全等领域有重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景,是未来制造技术发展的重要方向。受控词通过规范的语言表达了一个知识单元,通过受控词索引检索不仅能提高用户查全率、查准率,还能使检索更方便。本文利用Inspec数据库特有的受控词索引功能和分析功能,对1969-2014年期间纳米制造研究领域的文献数量、国家地区、作者、来源期刊和研究热点进行了文献计量分析,利用逻辑斯特曲线拟合、获得文献增长规律,并探讨了当前国内外纳米制造研究领域的现状与发展趋势。     

基于用户需求的交互式专业图书馆主页设计——以上海生命科学图书馆主页为例

本文从用户对信息资源与服务的需求出发,以上海生命科学图书馆主页的交互式设计为例,从网络环境下资源的交互式荐购,资源信息的交互式管理,以及学科信息的交互式服务三方面着手。体现了新时期专业图书馆主页设计的多维度交互性,开放性。     

基于机器学习的高校图书馆用户偏好检索系统研究

[目的/意义] 针对大数据环境下高校图书馆检索系统的信息超载问题, 提出一种机器学习方法, 为用户提供个性化的偏好检索服务。[方法/过程] 通过提取用户检索行为大数据中的用户特征, 利用监督机器学习方法, 在线学习可随用户偏好同步变化的自适应检索模型, 预测用户对文献的选择概率, 优化检索结果的排序。[结果/结论] 设计出用户偏好检索原型系统, 介绍用户偏好检索系统工作流程, 对比分析系统效果, 并对系统进行客观评价。     

国内外环境扫描研究综述

[目的/意义] 对环境扫描现有研究进行评述,指出未来研究内容,在丰富环境扫描领域研究成果的同时,为相关学者更好地把握环境扫描研究问题提供理论基础。[方法/过程] 针对国内外环境扫描的研究现状,对环境扫描领域的国内外核心文献进行系统的梳理和分析,重点从环境扫描的研究概况、概念、环境分类及研究维度方面进行综述。[结果/结论] 国外有关环境扫描的研究较多,研究内容全面,我国的环境扫描研究起步较晚,主要集中在图书情报学领域;3种环境分类方法和3种环境扫描维度被广泛地应用于环境扫描研究中;环境扫描的相关研究有待于得到进一步关注。     

社会力量参与公共图书馆服务供给的伦理激励

伦理激励通过外在诱因和内在动力的共同作用,激发社会力量参与公共图书馆服务供给。一般通过价值激励、需求激励和制度激励三个基本途径,以行为认可、政策支持和专业帮助等形式予以实施。需要强化社会责任意识,创新激励方式,完善道德激励机制,扩展道德激励范围,加大专业支持力度,以提高社会力量参与公共图书馆服务供给行为的伦理激励效果。     

One-heater flow-through polymerase chain reaction device by heat pipes cooling

This study describes a novel microfluidic reactor capable of flow-through polymerase chain reactions (PCR). For one-heater PCR devices in previous studies, comprehensive simulations and experiments for the chip geometry and the heater arrangement were usually needed before the fabrication of the device. In order to improve the flexibility of the one-heater PCR device, two heat pipes with one fan are used to create the requisite temperature regions in our device. With the integration of one heater onto the chip, the high temperature required for the denaturation stage can be generated at the chip center. By arranging the heat pipes on the opposite sides of the chip, the low temperature needed for the annealing stage is easy to regulate. Numerical calculations and thermal measurements have shown that the temperature distribution in the five-temperature-region PCR chip would be suitable for DNA amplification. In order to ensure temperature uniformity at specific reaction regions, the Re of the sample flow is less than 1. When the microchannel width increases and then decreases gradually between the denaturation and annealing regions, the extension region located in the enlarged part of the channel can be observed numerically and experimentally. From the simulations, the residence time at the extension region with the enlarged channel is 4.25 times longer than that without an enlarged channel at a flow rate of 2 μl/min. The treated surfaces of the flow-through microchannel are characterized using the water contact angle, while the effects of the hydrophilicity of the treated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels on PCR efficiency are determined using gel electrophoresis. By increasing the hydrophilicity of the channel surface after immersing the PDMS substrates into Tween 20 (20%) or BSA (1 mg/ml) solutions, efficient amplifications of DNA segments were proved to occur in our chip device. To our knowledge, our group is the first to introduce heat pipes into the cooling module that has been designed for a PCR device. The unique architecture utilized in this flow-through PCR device is well applied to a low-cost PCR system.     

Convenient surface functionalization of whole-Teflon chips with polydopamine coating

This paper presents a convenient strategy to modify the surface of whole-Teflon microfluidic chips by coating the channel walls with a thin layer of polydopamine (PDA) film, which is formed by oxidation-induced self-polymerization of dopamine in alkaline solution. Two coating strategies, static incubation and dynamic flow, are demonstrated and used for tuning the physical and chemical properties of the coated channel walls. The functionalized surfaces were investigated with the contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy measurements. The coating time was optimized according to the fluorescent intensity of the green fluorescent protein immobilized on the modified surface. Applications of the PDA-modified Teflon microchips in bioanalysis were demonstrated with a typical sandwich immunoassay. Moreover, long-term cell culture experiments on modified and native Teflon chips revealed that the chip biocompatibility can be greatly improved with PDA coating. The results indicate that the surface properties of the Teflon can be easily controlled by the PDA modification, thus greatly expanding the application scope of whole-Teflon chips for various chemical and biological research fields.     

给排水专业学生科研创新能力培养模式研究

水环境的变化给传统工科给排水专业带来新的挑战,现行给排水专业人才培养模式需要调整,以满足学生对科研创新能力的需求。该文从实验课程内容改进、实施本科生导师制、本科生科技创新项目等方面对给排水专业本科生科研创新能力培养中出现的一些问题进行了分析,并结合华侨大学给排水专业情况探讨了本科生科研创新能力的培养模式。     

《哈姆莱特》与《堂吉诃德》中主人公的疯狂行为研究(英文)

《哈姆莱特》与《堂吉诃德》作为文艺复兴时期人文主义的代表作,是文学宝库中的历史巨著。书中所塑造的两位主人公——哈姆莱特和堂吉诃德在性格上不仅有许多相似点,而且也有各自不同的性格特征。本文主要是通过研究两位主人公的疯狂行为,来分析人物行为背后的不同性格特征。     

机械制造及其自动化专业生产实习成绩评价研究

生产实习是机械制造及其自动化专业教学过程中的重要环节,也是培养高素质应用型人才的重要实践平台,为正确评价学生生产实习成绩,提高实习教学质量和实践教学水平,分析了生产实习现状以及存在的问题,提出了评价生产实习成绩考核的指标体系,根据模糊理论,建立了生产实习成绩模糊综合评价模型。