人权概念的逻辑分析

文章针对人权概念的混乱状况,从逻辑的角度入手,说明人权是人作为人所应享有的权利。其内涵体现于以下三个方面：首先,人权是自由、平等的人所享有的权利,是一种道德权利。其次,法律肯定并保障了人权,同时又限制了它的范围和实现。最后,对现代社会讲,人权是我们的目的,但却是理想的手段。     

储光羲的仿古心态及其致力五古的缘由

储光羲擅长五言古诗的创作,其五古诗歌中具有明显的仿古倾向。因为诗坛的复古潮流,东南诗人群体的整体创作趣尚,储光羲听从性格、思想等内在特质的召唤,形成了对五言古诗的特殊偏好。     

无线传感器网络中基于网格的能量感知路由协议研究(英文)

通过建立无线传感器网络环境中的能耗模型, 研究了高效能耗以及由路径损耗模型不同带来的数据干扰问题. 采用二维网格分簇机制, 其中簇头选举算法基于节点的剩余能量和随机退避时间, 以一种高效且分散的方式使簇头在所有传感器节点中均匀轮换. 节点除了在传输和接收数据过程中消耗能量, 在干扰重传时也需要消耗额外的能量. 根据平面几何学, 通过分析和数学推导, 得出网络的总能耗与分簇机制中的网格结构直接相关的结论, 其中簇的大小决定传输范围, 节点距离决定路径损耗指数, 网络结构决定同时传输数据的节点产生的干扰总数. 通过分析和仿真实验, 提出了在无线传感器网络中优化的网格结构和对应的网格大小, 从而在最大化降低能耗和最小化总体冲突之间达成平衡.     

资源安全机理及其经济学解释

资源安全是指一个国家或地区无论是当代还是后几代人都可以稳定、及时和经济地获取自然资源 ,同时又使人类发展赖以依存的自然资源基础和生态环境处于良好或不遭受毁灭性破坏的状态。资源安全研究是一项多学科相互交叉的资源科学研究新领域。文中扼要地论述了国内外资源安全研究的特征及热点问题 ;同时参照国内外可持续发展研究理论和方法 ,提出了资源安全机理的PSR概念模型 ;还以石油供求安全调控过程为例 ,阐释了资源安全的经济学含义 ;最终归纳提出了资源安全研究领域尚须进一步探讨的若干重点问题。     

Korean mature women students’ various subjectivities in relation to their motivation for higher education: generational differences amongst women

This qualitative case study attempts to conceptualize certain ‘patterns’ and ‘processes’ of which 28 mature women undergraduates give meanings to their motivation for higher education in their life contexts. Particular attention has been paid to include diverse groups of women according to their age, prior educational background, marital and occupational status. This was to seek for possibilities of differences amongst the mature women undergraduates, which is a scholarly neglected issue in the existing literature. Life history interviews were conducted with individual participants aged 25–75. Based on a combination of grounded theory approach and feminist post-structuralist theory, three types of learners were identified primarily in different generation—an age cohort that shares certain experiences in common. They are younger ‘careerist learners’, ‘personal growth learners’ and older ‘vicarious living learners’. Although the motivations for these three types of learners overlap to some extent, they disclose distinct gendered subjectivities. The analysis suggests that this partly reflects the historical dynamics of gender relations in Korean society. Drawing on empirical findings, this paper argues that more attention needs to be paid to diversities among mature women students and to socio-historical contexts under which those learners’ motivations and perspectives are constructed.     

Pathogenic organization in science: Division of labor and retractions

Science is increasingly a team activity, and the size of the teams has been growing. At the same time, there are concerns about an increasing rate of pathologies in science. The growth of team science suggests the need to look beyond individual-level explanations and focus on organizational structures and institutional contexts to explain pathologies in science. Drawing on the literature on organizational pathologies, we argue that division of labor may be a key factor contributing to pathologies in science. Furthermore, we examine the effects of high-stakes incentives and of institutional corruption as additional predictors of scientific pathologies. Using retractions as an indicator of pathologies, and drawing on a matched sample of 195 retracted papers and 349 paired papers that were not retracted, we develop indicators of the division of labor in the team that produced a paper and find that the rate of retractions is higher as the division of labor increases (net of team size). Additionally, we find that high-stakes incentives and institutional corruption are also associated with increased retractions. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for science policy, in particular for organizing team science projects.     

Students’ judgments on different cyberbullying incidents: the relationship between moral philosophy and intention to engage

European Journal of Psychology of Education - This article draws on moral theory to explore how 415 adolescents made decisions when confronted with cyberbullying events and further examines whether...     

基于51LPC单片机的智能供水控制器的设计与实现

介绍了基于 5 1 LPC单片机实现的智能供水控制器 ,详细论述了其软硬件的设计。该控制器已在实际中得到应用     

Optoelectrofluidic field separation based on light-intensity gradients

Optoelectrofluidic field separation (OEFS) of particles under light -intensity gradient (LIG) is reported, where the LIG illumination on the photoconductive layer converts the short-ranged dielectrophoresis (DEP) force to the long-ranged one. The long-ranged DEP force can compete with the hydrodynamic force by alternating current electro-osmosis (ACEO) over the entire illumination area for realizing effective field separation of particles. In the OEFS system, the codirectional illumination and observation induce the levitation effect, compensating the attenuation of the DEP force under LIG illumination by slightly floating particles from the surface. Results of the field separation and concentration of diverse particle pairs (0.82–16 μm) are well demonstrated, and conditions determining the critical radius and effective particle manipulation are discussed. The OEFS with codirectional LIG strategy could be a promising particle manipulation method in many applications where a rapid manipulation of biological cells and particles over the entire working area are of interest.