Sociocognitive self-regulatory mechanisms governing judgments of the acceptability and likelihood of sport cheating

This study extends previous psychosocial literature (Bandura et al., 2001, 2003) by examining a structural model of the self-regulatory mechanisms governing the acceptability and likelihood of cheating in a sport context. Male and female adolescents (N = 804), aged 15-20 years, took part in this study. Negative affective self-regulatory efficacy influenced the acceptability and likelihood of cheating through the mediating role of moral disengagement, in females and males. Affective efficacy positively influenced prosocial behavior through moral disengagement or through resistive self-regulatory efficacy and social efficacy, in both groups. The direct effects of affective efficacy on beliefs about cheating were only evident in females. These results extend the findings of Bandura et al. (2001, 2003) to the sport context and suggest that affective and resistive self-regulatory efficacy operate in concert in governing adolescents' moral disengagement and transgressive behaviors in sport.     

What does it take to survive in a digital world? Resource-based theory and strategic change in the TV industry

Journal of Cultural Economics - Traditional linear television has been a long-standing success story. However, the digital revolution is rapidly transforming the TV industry, in terms of...     

The effect of a prophylactic dose of flurbiprofen on muscle soreness and sprinting performance in trained subjects.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a prophylactic dose of a local, transcutaneously administered, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug on muscle soreness, muscle damage and sprinting performance in young trained males. Twenty-five subjects aged 19+/-3 years, actively participating in rugby union and field hockey, were familiarized with the test procedure and then divided at random into an experimental group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 12). The experimental group received two patches, each containing 40 mg flurbiprofen (TransAct LAT), 12 h before an exercise bout designed to produce delayed-onset soreness (DOMS). The control group received identical non-medicated placebo patches at the same time. Delayed-onset muscle soreness was induced by an exercise protocol consisting of drop jumps (seven sets of 10 repetitions). Serum creatine kinase activity, muscle soreness, muscle girth and acceleration in a maximal sprint over 30 m were measured before the induction of DOMS and at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h thereafter. Plasma lactate concentration was measured 3 min after the 30-m sprint tests. Subjects in both groups had significantly more pain at 24 and 48 h compared with at 12 and 72 h (P < 0.05; Friedman two-way analysis of variance). Thigh girth and serum creatine kinase did not change throughout the experiment. Although plasma lactate concentrations were elevated after the 30-m sprint, there were no differences between groups or as a result of DOMS. The greatest acceleration occurred between 5 and 10 m. This was not affected by the anti-inflammatory drug or DOMS. In conclusion, the aetiology of the DOMS induced in the trained subjects in this study seems to be independent of inflammatory processes or, more specifically, of increases in prostaglandin synthesis in the muscles.     

A Case Against Compulsory Class Attendance Policies in Higher Education

Compulsory attendance policies have been instituted in higher education with the expectation that academic achievement will improve. The empirical research findings of the relationship between class attendance or attendance policies and academic achievement are equivocal. Pintrich's theoretical model of motivation in the college classroom posits that students' motivational beliefs, classroom context, and students' behaviors are important variables in academic achievement. A case against compulsory attendance policies which is based on evaluation of the empirical research and the application of Pintrich's model to the question of the value of compulsory attendance policies in higher education is presented.     

Implementing School Restructuring in the Inner City

The purpose of this research was to examine school reform at a local level. Our analysis centered on the impact that the Accelerated Schools model had on two inner-city elementary schools in New Orleans. Key to our interpretation was addressing prevalent social issues, including poverty, racism, and single-parent families, embedded in everyday life in urban communities. The findings illuminate the need to resolve racial, social, and ideological conflicts for school change to take root in inner-city schools.     

Zur Zul?ssigkeit der Vergabe von akademischen Ehrungen durch Privatuniversit?ten und andere postsekund?re Bildungseinrichtungen

Der VwGH hat unl?ngst ausgesprochen, dass die Verleihung von Ehrendoktoraten durch Privatuniversit?ten unzul?ssig ist. Der Beitrag untersucht diese Rechtsansicht und geht darüber hinaus der allgemeinen Frage der Zul?ssigkeit der Vergabe akademischer Ehrungen durch postsekund?re Bildungseinrichtungen nach.     

Vorbereitungsfragen zur Facharztprüfung,Hefte 1/2006 – 3-4/2009

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