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271.
This study examined two levels of media agenda effects on aggregatepublic opinion from different news sources. The effects wereinvestigated immediately and cumulatively. Content analysisdata from the 2000 U.S. presidential election coverage by fournational news organizations were related to the Gallup pre-electionpoll standings of each candidate. Regression analyses foundthat both the salience of a candidate and the salience of theattributes of a candidate cumulatively, but not immediately,influenced his standing in the polls. An analysis of news sourcessupported the finding that the two levels of agenda-settingeffects seemed mostly cumulative rather than immediate. Newsfrom different sources, however, tended to have effects of differentdegrees and sometimes different directions on candidate pollstandings. Cumulative effects of candidate salience on aggregateopinion change were found for non-partisan and neutral newssourcesreporters, poll reporting and public documentswhereasthe effects of candidate attribute salience mostly came frompartisan sourcesthe candidate himself and members ofthe competing political party. Possible political implicationsof these findings are discussed. 相似文献
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Lynn M. Harter 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2004,32(2):89-118
This study explores how members of the Nebraska Cooperative Council and its constituent producer-owned cooperatives understand and enact democratic ideologies, drawing particular attention to how emergent contradictions and tensions are experienced and managed. The Council serves as a particularly rich context in which to explore traditionally feminine ways of organizing (i.e., cooperative enactment) in a historically male-dominated arena (i.e., agriculture). The dialectic of independence and solidarity became a revealing prism through which to make sense of how members enact cooperative life. This dialectic manifests itself in the discourse of cooperative life as members struggle to manage tensions between efficiency and participation, equality and equity, and the paradox of agency. Communication theorizing about gendered organizing and the history of American agrarianism is used to explore intersections between the social construction of masculinity(s), the agrarian frontier myth, and tensions embedded in the discourse of cooperative organizing. 相似文献
274.
Danuta A. Nitecki 《Archival Science》2004,4(1-2):17-44
Evaluators of library programs have different perspectives on why to conduct an evaluation and also how to do so. The author
suggests that a minimal approach to conducting a library program evaluation is to prove that the program exists. But this
perspective has expanded to include different degrees of interest in the client and operations, culminating in a combined
focus that leads evaluators to conduct outcome assessments. The chapter includes speculation on what motivates managers to
undertake an evaluation, a review of some ways that library evaluations are conducted, and a discussion of several examples
of program evaluations. Though there are not single directives for undertaking a library program evaluation, there are a variety
of tools and advice to entice librarians to do more of them as a way to improve understanding the value of a library to its
clientele and in society. 相似文献
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