三要素法的适用对象

指出三要素适用对象是电容电压或电感电流，而一些献对此有所误解。     

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.     

第二类Fredholm积分方程的快速数值解法

对于具有弱奇性核函数的第二类Fredholm积分方程，将核函数所定义的区域分成大小不同的正方形子区域，利用分层插值多项式逼近核函数，由此得到近似矩阵B实现了积分方程的快速数值解法。在最后，对如何提高方案的数值稳定性作简要讨论并给出要讨论并给出数值结果。     

构建社会主义和谐社会研究中的几个哲学问题

构建社会主义和谐社会是当前我国理论界关注和研究的主要课题。关于这一问题的研究已取得很大成绩,但也有某些理论问题尚待深入研究,如构建社会主义和谐社会同继承和发扬中国传统哲学的关系问题,构建社会主义和谐社会同坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的关系问题、建设和谐世界同坚持唯物史观的关系问题等。     

快速、准确的图像阈值分割新方法

图像分割是数字图像处理系统中基本而关键的技术.通过阈值分割是其最简单的技术,它假设目标和背景是可以分离的.详细讨论将自适应遗传算法与OTSU算法相结合应用于最佳阈值的确定中,提出了相应的算法并用于图像分割,由于自适应遗传算法具有全局搜索最优解能力,因此能在很短时间内自动确定阈值.实验仿真结果表明,该方法不仅可以实现准确的图像分割,并且使得分割速度大大提高.     

From the Didactic to the Dialectic—Intercultural Exchanges in Contemporary Counsellor Education

Within the context of the growing development of intercultural counsellor education, the question of how different cultures reconceptualize and transform Western counselling theories for their own context is an important one. In this intercultural exchange in education, concepts such as ‘globalization’, ‘indigenization’ and ‘universalization’ have an impact on the education process. This paper briefly explores these terms and movements and then highlights findings from a research project that took place with a group of counselling graduates in Hong Kong examining how they undertook the processes of reconceptualization and transformation. The dialogical process involved in that enabled participants and researcher to co-explore the process of knowledge development within the counselling education field. Implications for counsellor education are highlighted.

景观生态学理论在生态旅游线路设计中的应用——以福州旗山国家森林公园为例

现代地理学与生态学结合下产生的景观生态学,正在不断地发现和拓展其应用领域。文章以福州旗山国家森林公园为例,阐明景观生态学是生态旅游线路设计的主要理论之一,分析在景观生态学理论指导下的旅游线路设计过程,肯定对旅游地进行景观生态规划和设计具有实践上的可行性,能满足景区旅游生态平衡与人类协调的发展要求。     

高等院校电子技术专业毕业设计指导

本文针对毕业设计题目的选择,教师在指导毕业设计过程中的主导作用,毕业实习环节的有效利用以及如何培养学生综合能力提出几点看法.     

违约自由论

合同本质上就是当事人通过自由协商，决定其相互之间的权利、义务关系，并根据其意志调整他们相互之间的关系的协议。当事人有是否缔约的自由，和谁缔约及决定合同内容的自由，变更与解除合同的自由。但违约是否自由则从未明确地说明。而人们往往根据违约责任的存在而否定违约行为的自由。事实上我们日常生活中的违约行为往往就是缔约一方的自由选择的结果。文中从以下方面来说明违约的自由：违约行为的现实合理存在；合同法未对违约行为进行限制；对违约行为的适当规制并不是对违约行为的禁止。     

H∞ tracking control for nonlinear multivariable systems using wavelet-type TSK fuzzy brain emotional learning with particle swarm optimization

This paper studies the ${\mathit{H}}_{\infty }$ tracking control for uncertain nonlinear multivariable systems. We propose a control strategy, which combines the adaptive wavelet-type Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy brain emotional learning controller (WTFBELC) and the $H_{\infty }$ robust tracking compensator. As for the adaptive WTFBELC, it is a main controller designed to mimic the ideal controller. The proposed WTFBELC is to obtain much better ability of handling nonlinearities and uncertainties, but the proposed $H_{\infty }$ robust tracking compensator is to compensate the residual error between the adaptive WTFBELC and the ideal controller. Furthermore, the optimal learning rates of the adaptive WTFBELC are searched quickly by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the parameter updated laws are derived based on the steepest descent gradient method. The robust tracking performance of this novel control scheme is guaranteed based on Lyapunov stability theory. The mass-spring-damper mechanical system and the three-link robot manipulator, are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive PSO-WTFBELC $H_{\infty }$ control scheme.