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31.
32.
Putten Jim Vander McLendon Michael K. Peterson Marvin W. 《Research in higher education》1997,38(1):131-149
Evidence of substantial growth in unionization among university noninstructional staff over the past 20 years (Hurd and Woodhead, 1987) and the emergence of a quality movement in higher education linking employee attitudes toward the work environment with increased productivity point to the need for additional research into union and nonunion staff perceptions of the work environment. This paper describes a conceptually oriented, exploratory study of the university work environment as perceived and defined by union and nonunion noninstructional staff. 相似文献
33.
34.
Lina?KashyapEmail author 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2004,26(4):337-339
In 2001, for the first time in the history of the International Association for Counselling, International Conference was held in a developing Asian country–India, with the theme Families in Transition–Counselling in Transition–Meeting the Challenges Ahead. This special issue contains some of the presentations made by Indian participants during this conference which best reflect the challenges and diversities of counseling efforts with families in India. The first article was specially written for this issue in order to give an international relationship of this journal an in depth contextual understanding of Indian families in transition and the challenges they pose to the contemporary Indian counselor. Two articles are reflected to counseling families affected by socio-politial and economic changes. Five authors have written on counseling related to physical and mental disability/addiction and last two articles are reflected to authors experiences as family counselors. 相似文献
35.
Kinetic knowledge is of great importance in achieving good control of the pyrolysis and gasification process and optimising
system design. An overall kinetic pyrolysis scheme is therefore addressed here. The kinetic modelling incorporates the following
basic steps: the degradation of the virgin biomass materials into primary products (tar, gas and semi-char), the decomposition
of primary tar into secondary products and the continuous interaction between primary gas and char. The last step is disregarded
completely by models in the literature. Analysis and comparison of predicted results from different kinetic schemes and experimental
data on our fixed bed pyrolyser yielded very positive evidence to support our kinetic scheme.
Project (No. 2001CB409600) Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973) of China 相似文献
36.
普通话二字组词语不同的声调组合方式 ,使前后位声调产生不同的动态变化形式。前位声调的动态变化明显表现在上声调变为低降调和中升调上 ;后位声调的动态变化则表现在调值的明显改变上。后位声调的动态变化更为普遍 ,应该引起足够的重视 相似文献
37.
Assessment of Cooperative Learning: A Goal-Criterion Approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The problem of assessment of non-traditional teaching techniques has long challenged educational administrators and faculty. The approach to assessment that we followed in this instance employed a model that we developed to assess group learning, variously known as cooperative learning, collaborative learning, or team learning. We applied the model to group-based case study courses that included innovative enhancements such as group exams and group-based role-play. The model required balanced representation among multiple learning criteria arranged in six goal-criterion sets, all drawn from the literature on group learning. We designed a test instrument based on the model and administered the instrument to 85 students near the end of three business strategy courses. Imbalances among criteria in the six goal-criterion sets helped identify and correct weaknesses in course design and in methods of instruction. 相似文献
38.
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40.
Theory Competition and the Process of Change 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The reasons why many educational change initiatives have little impact are often framed in terms of either a poorly designed
process on the part of the change initiator, or in terms of problems with the attitudes, skills and/or knowledge of those
responsible for implementation. In this paper, we seek to integrate these two perspectives more closely by focusing on their
interface and the competing theories frequently held by the change initiators and implementers. This concept of theory competition
is illustrated with a case of a national literacy initiative in New Zealand in which the change initiators wished to raise
the achievement of low performing students through the development of “learning-centred” leadership in schools and evidence-based
practice. The desired outcomes were not achieved because theories about what it means to be a successful leader in such a
situation, the data needed to undertake the type of evidence-based analysis envisioned and school personnel beliefs about
the target students were understood differently by those responsible for initiating the change and those responsible for implementing
it. 相似文献