DSU报复制度的显著改进及我国的应对策略

传统国际法上的报复多以单边报复形态存在，滥用现象十分严重，威胁和损害到正常的国际法律秩序。由于存在着制度上的缺陷，GATT不仅未能从根本上解决报复滥用问题，而且限制了报复威慑作用的发挥。DSU通过改进规则和程序，强化多边体制，不仅充分地发挥了报复的威慑作用，而且还有效地管制了报复。该制度会给我国WTO争端解决的实践产生直接或者间接的影响，我们应认真研究应对策略，以维护我国的贸易利益和经济安全。     

中学英语单词与大学英语单词互相衔接的调查与研究

文章通过对中学生英语词汇学习的调查,了解中学生学习词汇的情况,并针对大学生英语词汇学习的现状,提出了中学英语单词与大学英语单词互相衔接的重要性以及做好衔接工作的一些建议。     

A novel multi-objective optimization method for the pressurized reservoir in hydraulic robotics

The pressurized reservoir is a closed hydraulic tank which plays a significant role in enhancing the capabilities of hydraulic driven robotics. The spring pressurized reservoir adopted in this paper requires comprehensive performance, such as weight, size, fluid volume, and pressure, which is hard to balance. A novel interactive multi-objective optimization approach, the feasible space tightening method, is proposed, which is efficient in solving complicated engineering design problems where multiple objectives are determined by multiple design variables. This method provides sufficient information to the designer by visualizing the performance trends within the feasible space as well as its relationship with the design variables. A step towards the final solution could be made by raising the threshold on performance indicators interactively, so that the feasible space is reduced and the remaining solutions are more preferred by the designer. With the help of this new method, the preferred solution of a spring pressurized reservoir is found. Practicability and efficiency are demonstrated in the optimal design process, where the solution is determined within four rounds of interaction between the designer and the optimization program. Tests on the designed prototype show good results.     

中国高考改革应有国际视野

中国的高考改革正处于攻坚阶段,面临许多困惑和困境。招生考试制度的统一性与多样性、高校招生的自主权、招生考试制度与学校教育的关系、招生评价体系、录取方式、高校的收费政策、学生财政资助政策等问题,都应深入研究和探讨。目前,世界上许多国家也在进行大学入学制度的改革,其中不乏可资借鉴的经验。中国的高考改革应有国际视野。     

远程多媒体学习软件教学设计模式初探

在远程学习条件下，教学者是以媒体技术作为传播手段与学习者进行交互的，在现代远程开放教育中更是以多媒体计算机作为主要的传输手段，学习者所处学习环境与课堂环境有很大不同。相应地，远程多媒体学习软件，其教学设计也与课堂教学条件下的多媒体教学软件的教学设计存在着明显差别。本文结合现代远程开放学习的特点，提出了一个远程多媒体学习软件的教学设计模式。     

孔门乐教浅探

孔子是我国春秋时著名的教育家。为了将其弟子培养成为"不器"君子,孔子创立了一套独特的教学理论。其教学内容以"六艺"为主,而礼乐为"六艺"之首,由此可见其对乐教的重视。《论语》、《礼记》中还有很多论及乐教的文字,其中蕴含着丰富的音乐美学思想与音乐教育思想。     

The interplay of representations and patterns of classroom discourse in science teaching sequences

The purpose of this study is to examines the relationship between the communicative approach of classroom talk and the modes of representations used by science teachers. Based on video data from two physics classrooms in Singapore, a recurring pattern in the relationship was observed as the teaching sequence of a lesson unfolded. It was found that as the mode of representation shifted from enactive (action based) to iconic (image based) to symbolic (language based), there was a concurrent and coordinated shift in the classroom communicative approach from interactive–dialogic to interactive–authoritative to non-interactive–authoritative. Specifically, the shift from enactive to iconic to symbolic representations occurred mainly within the interactive–dialogic approach while the shift towards the interactive–authoritative and non-interactive–authoritative approaches occurred when symbolic modes of representation were used. This concurrent and coordinated shift has implications on how we conceive the use of representations in conjunction with the co-occurring classroom discourse, both theoretically and pedagogically.     

Predicting transition and adjustment to college: biomedical and behavioral science aspirants’ and minority students’ first year of college

The purpose of this study is to explore key factors that impact the college transition of aspiring underrepresented minority students in the biomedical and behavioral sciences, in comparison with White, Asian students and non-science minority students. We examined successful management of the academic environment and sense of belonging during the first college year. Longitudinal data were derived from the Higher Education Research Institute’s (HERI) 2004 Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) Freshman Survey and the 2005 Your First College Year (YFCY) Survey. Using a reformulation of the integration model (Nora, Barlow, and Crisp, 2005), we find concerns about college financing, negotiating family support and responsibility, and campus racial dynamics (perceived and behavioral) affect student adjustment and sense of integration in the first year. This study was made possible by the support of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH Grant Number 1 RO1 GMO71968-01. This independent research and the views expressed here do not indicate endorsement by the sponsor.     

关于隐函数的又一命题

本文给出关于隐函数的一个新的结果,它可以直接断定隐函数的定义域。