全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6359篇 |
免费 | 83篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 4271篇 |
科学研究 | 764篇 |
各国文化 | 47篇 |
体育 | 587篇 |
文化理论 | 28篇 |
信息传播 | 750篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 39篇 |
2021年 | 64篇 |
2020年 | 103篇 |
2019年 | 155篇 |
2018年 | 189篇 |
2017年 | 196篇 |
2016年 | 184篇 |
2015年 | 114篇 |
2014年 | 155篇 |
2013年 | 1084篇 |
2012年 | 147篇 |
2011年 | 150篇 |
2010年 | 130篇 |
2009年 | 122篇 |
2008年 | 148篇 |
2007年 | 145篇 |
2006年 | 109篇 |
2005年 | 102篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 92篇 |
2001年 | 118篇 |
2000年 | 139篇 |
1999年 | 127篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 48篇 |
1996年 | 64篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 59篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 110篇 |
1991年 | 94篇 |
1990年 | 84篇 |
1989年 | 116篇 |
1988年 | 77篇 |
1987年 | 74篇 |
1986年 | 78篇 |
1985年 | 97篇 |
1984年 | 71篇 |
1983年 | 72篇 |
1982年 | 75篇 |
1981年 | 58篇 |
1980年 | 66篇 |
1979年 | 73篇 |
1978年 | 74篇 |
1977年 | 56篇 |
1976年 | 60篇 |
1974年 | 47篇 |
1973年 | 43篇 |
1969年 | 41篇 |
排序方式: 共有6447条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
951.
William A. Edmonds Gershon Tenenbaum Derek T. Y. Mann Michael Johnson Akihito Kamata 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):761-773
Abstract In this study, we wished to investigate the factors that determine the direction of the spin axis of a pitched baseball. Nineteen male baseball pitchers were recruited to pitch fastballs. The pitching motion was recorded with a three-dimensional motion analysis system (1000 Hz), and the orientations of the hand segment in a global coordinate system were calculated using Euler rotation angles. Reflective markers were attached to the ball, and the direction of the spin axis was calculated on the basis of their positional changes. The spin axis directions were significantly correlated with the orientations of the hand just before ball release. The ball is released from the fingertip and rotates on a plane that is formed by the palm and fingers; the spin axis of the ball is parallel to this plane. The lift force of the pitched baseball is largest when the angular and translational velocity vectors are mutually perpendicular. Furthermore, to increase the lift forces for the fastballs, the palm must face home plate. 相似文献
952.
Scott C. Wearing I. S. Davis T. Brauner S. L. Hooper T. Horstmann 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(23):2735-2743
ABSTRACTThe capacity of foot-strike running patterns to influence the functional properties of the Achilles tendon is controversial. This study used transmission-mode ultrasound to investigate the influence of habitual running foot-strike pattern on Achilles tendon properties during barefoot walking and running. Fifteen runners with rearfoot (RFS) and 10 with a forefoot (FFS) foot-strike running pattern had ultrasound transmission velocity measured in the right Achilles tendon during barefoot walking (≈1.1 ms?1) and running (≈2.0 ms?1). Temporospatial gait parameters, ankle kinematics and vertical ground reaction force were simultaneously recorded. Statistical comparisons between foot-strike patterns were made using repeated measure ANOVAs. FFS was characterised by a significantly shorter stance duration (?4%), greater ankle dorsiflexion (+2°), and higher peak vertical ground reaction force (+20% bodyweight) than RFS running (P < .05). Both groups adopted a RFS pattern during walking, with only the relative timing of peak dorsiflexion (3%), ground reaction force (1–2%) and peak vertical force loading rates (22–23%) differing between groups (P < .05). Peak ultrasound transmission velocity in the Achilles tendon was significantly higher in FFS during walking (≈100 ms?1) and running (≈130 ms?1) than RFS (P < .05). Functional Achilles tendon properties differ with habitual footfall patterns in recreational runners. 相似文献
953.
T. Gilmour Reeve Lanie A. Dornier Daniel J. Weeks 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):284-290
Abstract To investigate whether spatial assimilation effects are due to premovement control processes or postinitiation feedback processes, surface EMG recordings were made from two agonists and one antagonist during both single and dual movements involving the upper limb(s). In the single condition, subjects (N=7) made 25 Short (20°) and 25 Long (60°) reversal movements using levers in the sagittal plane, in 195 ms to reversal. In the dual condition, both Short and Long movements were performed simultaneously for 75 trials, the last 25 of which were without knowledge of results. Subjects overshot the Short target in the dual condition, showing spatial assimilation effects. Overshooting was associated with increased peak EMG in the initial (premovement) agonist burst, supporting the notion that spatial assimilation effects are modulated via premovement control processes. 相似文献
954.
David M. High Edward T. Howley B. Don Franks 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):357-361
Abstract It has been suggested in the lay literature that static stretching and/or warm-up will prevent the occurrence of Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effects of static stretching and!or warm-up on the level of pain associated with DOMS. Sixty-two healthy male and female volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups: (a) subjects who statically stretched the quadriceps muscle group before a step, (b) subjects who only performed a stepping warm-up, (c) subjects who both stretched and performed a stepping warm-up prior to a step test, and (d) subjects who only performed a step test. The step test (Asmussen, 1956) required subjects to do concentric work with their right leg and eccentric work with their left leg to voluntary exhaustion. Subjects rated their muscle soreness on a ratio scale from zero to six at 24-hour intervals for 5 days following the step test. A 4×2×2 ANOVA with repeated measures on legs and Duncan's New Multiple Range post-hoc test found no difference in peak muscle soreness among the groups doing the step test or for gender (p > .05). There was the expected significant difference in peak muscle soreness between eccentrically and concentrically worked legs, with the eccentrically worked leg experiencing greater muscle soreness. We concluded that static stretching and!or warm-up does not prevent DOMS resulting from exhaustive exercise. 相似文献
955.
Clayton T. Shay 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):433-437
Abstract Reaction time of the batter in Softball is important because of short pitching distance and the speed of the pitcher. Nine pitchers were tested for speed and had an average velocity of 59.95 mph and a mean reaction time of .215 sec. was found for 258 students tested. With these averages, the ball would be 29.33 ft. from home plate before 116 of these students began their swing and in 41 cases the ball would be less than 20 ft from the plate. Pitchers with greater velocity would decrease the success of the batter if the reaction time remains the same. 相似文献
956.
957.
Noel P. Kinrade Robin C. Jackson Kelly J. Ashford Daniel T. Bishop 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):1127-1135
Abstract Items from the Reinvestment Scale were modified to create a decision-specific version of the scale. Principal components analysis of responses from 165 participants revealed one-, two-, three-, and four-factor solutions for the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis of responses from a second sample of 111 participants revealed that a 13-item two-factor solution showed the best fit. The first factor comprised six items referring to conscious monitoring of the process involved in making a decision, and was termed decision reinvestment. The second factor, decision rumination, comprised seven items related to focus on negative evaluations of previous poor decisions. In an initial assessment of predictive validity, Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale scores of 59 skilled team sport players were found to be highly correlated with coaches' ratings of players' tendency to choke under pressure (r = 0.74), with high Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale scores indicating greater susceptibility to poor decision-making under pressure. It was concluded that the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale highlights a performer's predisposition to engage in behaviours detrimental to performance under pressure, namely decision reinvestment and decision rumination. 相似文献
958.
959.
This study was grounded in the belief systems and physical activity literature and investigated preservice teachers' belief systems toward curricular outcomes for physical education programs. Preservice teachers (N = 486; men = 62%, women = 38%) from 18 U.S. colleges/universities shared their beliefs about curricular outcomes. Preservice teachers completed a previously validated belief systems instrument designed to measure the relative importance of four outcome goals for programs (physical activity/fitness, self-actualization, motor skill development, and social development). Internal consistency reliability for the instrument was .98. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit of the current sample to the hypothesized outcomes model. Multivariate analysis of variance results revealed a significant interaction in outcome preservice teachers' priorities for year in school by region. The teachers' views also differed on the important outcome goals for physical education. Two critical “tensions” are discussed: (a) the need to examine more fully the consistency of preservice teacher/teacher belief systems, and (b) implications for teacher education and professional development programming. It is important to heed prospective teachers' voices and address their belief systems in teacher education programs. 相似文献
960.
Abstract This study was designed to investigate the effect of an interactive videodisc motor skill assessment training program on the development of preservice and inservice teachers' qualitative assessment proficiency on two motor skills: the overhand throw and catch. Twenty-seven preservice and 27 inservice physical education teachers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: interactive videodisc (IVD), teacher-directed (TD), or self-directed (SD). Motor skill qualitative assessment accuracy was evaluated on a pre- and post-test basis using a 50-item motor skill assessment accuracy test (10 performances rated on 5 components) for each skill. Analysis of covariance results indicated significant main effects for treatment for both skills. Post hoc tests revealed that for the over hand throw, the IVD and TD groups were superior to the SD group but not different from each other. For the catch, the IVD group was found to be superior to both the TD and SD groups. These findings are discussed in relation to the advantages of interactive videodisc in terms of efficiency and user independence and with comparable findings in other educational applications. 相似文献