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131.
Elvira L. Arellano Tessie L. Barcenal Purita P. Bilbao Merilin A. Castellano Sharon Nichols Deborah J. Tippins 《科学教学研究杂志》2001,38(5):502-528
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential for using case‐based pedagogy as a context for collaborative inquiry into the teaching and learning of elementary science. The context for this study was the elementary science teacher preparation program at West Visayas State University on the the island of Panay in Iloilo City, the Philippines. In this context, triple linguistic conventions involving the interactions of the local Ilonggo dialect, the national language of Philipino (predominantly Tagalog) and English create unique challenges for science teachers. Participants in the study included six elementary student teachers, their respective critic teachers and a research team composed of four Filipino and two U.S. science teacher educators. Two teacher‐generated case narratives serve as the centerpiece for deliberation, around which we highlight key tensions that reflect both the struggles and positive aspects of teacher learning that took place. Theoretical perspectives drawn from assumptions underlying the use of case‐based pedagogy and scholarship surrounding the community metaphor as a referent for science education curriculum inquiry influenced our understanding of tensions at the intersection of re‐presentation of science, authority of knowledge, and professional practice, at the intersection of not shared language, explicit moral codes, and indigenization, and at the intersection of identity and dilemmas in science teaching. Implications of this study are discussed with respect to the building of science teacher learning communities in both local and global contexts of reform. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 502–528, 2001 相似文献
132.
The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the range of outcomes of class visits to natural history museums.
The theoretical framework is based on the multifaceted process of learning in free choice learning environments, and emphasizes
the unique and individual learning experience in museum settings. The study’s significance is in highlighting several possible
cognitive as well as non-cognitive learning effects in museums class visits, by providing the student’s point of view. Data
was collected by semi-structured interviews with 50 students in grades 6–8 on the day following the visit. We present evidence
that students expressed several learning outcomes, connected directly and indirectly to the scientific content of the visit.
Content oriented outcomes included acquiring scientific knowledge and making connections to prior knowledge; social oriented
outcomes were identified in students’ statements regarding communicating knowledge and social aspects of learning; and interest
oriented outcomes were evidenced by students’ expressions about emotions, interest and curiosity. The aggregate data addressed
the common outcomes and the impact of class visits to natural history museums in the short term. Comparisons between two types
of museums show significant differences in several aspects, regarding the exhibit and/or the activity type. Practical ideas
for structuring the ultimate experience are included. 相似文献
133.
This article investigates the intertwined constructs of metacognition and self-regulation as they emerge in the works and
theories of James, Piaget, and Vygotsky. To coordinate this exploration, we use an interpretive framework based on the relation
of subject and object. In this framework, James’s perspective on metacognition and self-regulation is aligned with the Self,
Piaget’s with the other and object, and Vygotsky’s with the medium or agency of language. We explore how metacognition and
self-regulation function within the realm of human behavior and development as described in the works of each of these theorists.
Key questions or issues that emerge for current research are outlined, and the limitations and benefits of each theorist’s
perspective vis-à-vis metacognition and self-regulation are discussed. 相似文献
134.
J. Roschelle D. Tatar N. Shechtman J. Knudsen 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2008,68(2):149-170
One of the great strengths of Jim Kaput’s research program was his relentless drive towards scaling up his innovative approach to teaching the mathematics of change and variation. The SimCalc mission, “democratizing access to the mathematics of change,” was enacted by deliberate efforts to reach an increasing number of teachers and students each year. Further, Kaput asked: What can we learn from research at the next level of scale (e.g., beyond a few classrooms at a time) that we cannot learn from other sources? In this article, we develop an argument that scaling up research can contribute important new knowledge by focusing researchers’ attention on the robustness of an innovation when used by varied students, teachers, classrooms, schools, and regions. The concept of robustness requires additional discipline both in the design process and in the conduct of valid research. By examining a progression of three studies in the Scaling Up SimCalc program, we articulate how scaling up research can contribute to designing for and evaluating robustness. 相似文献
135.
Understanding and describing mathematical knowledge for teaching: knowledge about proof for engaging students in the activity of proving 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article is situated in the research domain that investigates what mathematical knowledge is useful for, and usable in,
mathematics teaching. Specifically, the article contributes to the issue of understanding and describing what knowledge about
proof is likely to be important for teachers to have as they engage students in the activity of proving. We explain that existing
research informs the knowledge about the logico-linguistic aspects of proof that teachers might need, and we argue that this knowledge should be complemented by what we call knowledge of situations for proving. This form of knowledge is essential as teachers mobilize proving opportunities for their students in mathematics classrooms.
We identify two sub-components of the knowledge of situations for proving: knowledge of different kinds of proving tasks and knowledge of the relationship between proving tasks and proving activity. In order to promote understanding of the former type of knowledge, we develop and illustrate a classification of proving
tasks based on two mathematical criteria: (1) the number of cases involved in a task (a single case, multiple but finitely
many cases, or infinitely many cases), and (2) the purpose of the task (to verify or to refute statements). In order to promote
understanding of the latter type of knowledge, we develop a framework for the relationship between different proving tasks
and anticipated proving activity when these tasks are implemented in classrooms, and we exemplify the components of the framework
using data from third grade. We also discuss possible directions for future research into teachers’ knowledge about proof.
相似文献
Andreas J. StylianidesEmail: |
136.
Even though several studies have reported positive attitudinal outcomes from context-based chemistry programs, methodological obstacles have prevented researchers from comparing satisfactorily the chemistry-learning outcomes between students who experience a context-based program with those who experience a content-driven program. In this narrative inquiry we are able to address the question: how do the recalled experiences of a student and her teacher in context-based and concept-based chemistry programs compare? From the student’s unique perspective of experiencing both programs with the same teacher, we have constructed our collective account around four themes; namely, the extent to which the student makes connections between chemistry concepts and real-world contexts, developing research independence through engaging in extended experimental investigations related to contexts, learning chemistry concepts through contexts, and conceptual sequencing in a context-based program. The student reported real-world connections between chemistry concepts and contexts, found her engagement in the context-driven tasks interesting and productive, and identified connected sequences of concepts across the contexts studied. Despite difficulties for teachers who are required to shift pedagogies, the student’s lived experiences and outcomes from a context-based program provide some encouragement in working through these issues. 相似文献
137.
Establishing a Competence Profile for the Role of Student-centred Teachers in Higher Education in Belgium 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Annelies Gilis Mieke Clement Lies Laga Paul Pauwels 《Research in higher education》2008,49(6):531-554
The increasing importance of constructivism in higher education has brought about a shift in pedagogy from a focus on the teacher to a focus on the student. This has important implications for teaching and assessment. A student-centred pedagogy implies a different role for the teacher. What exactly does student-centred teaching require from teachers’ actual teaching practice? What is expected from them in order to teach in a student-centred way? It is in order to respond to these questions that this research project has been carried out establishing a core competence profile of student-centred teachers in higher education. Qualitative data were collected by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews with teachers from different institutions for higher education in Belgium, known for their student-centred way of teaching. This research method is innovative compared to the methods used for existing competence lists in the literature, which were usually developed on the basis of conversations with pedagogical experts. By exploring practice and having teachers participate in the development of a competence list, the acceptance of a competence profile is much higher. The result of the project is a validated competence profile which takes into account the critiques on existing competence lists. The competence profile provides a further insight in the functioning of teachers within a student-centred pedagogy and can be used as a starting point for the educational development of teachers within this pedagogy. 相似文献
138.
Pius N. Nyutu Norman C. Gysbers 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2008,8(2):83-94
The Student Counselling Needs Scale (SCNS) was administered to 867 participants recruited from high schools in Kenya. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis yielding five factors: human relationships, career development, self development, social values, and learning skills were assessed. The findings highlighted the importance of using assessment instruments to identify students’ counselling needs in Kenya. 相似文献
139.
Brown MF Knight-Green MB Lorek EJ Packard C Shallcross WL Wifall T Price T Schumann E 《Learning & behavior》2008,36(4):327-340
In two experiments using a radial-arm maze, pairs of rats made choices among eight maze locations, each containing a large
quantity of one of two food types. The choices made by 1 rat affected the choices made by the other rat. Under most conditions,
visits by 1 rat increased the tendency of the other rat to subsequently choose that maze location. However, the effect depended
on the quality of the food available in a particular location. When it was possible for the rats to observe each other on
the maze arms and a rat had experienced that a location contained the less preferred food type, a previous visit to that location
by the foraging partner decreased the tendency to visit that location. These effects are attributed to working memory for
the spatial choices of another rat, and they indicate that memory produced by a rat’s own visit to a maze location is integrated
with memory for the behavior of another rat to determine spatial choice 相似文献
140.
This article demonstrates how to fit a statistical model to historical data, test whether the model can accurately predict enrollment out-of-sample, and use the results to segment admitted students into groups so that different recruitment and marketing interventions can be applied. Conceptual and practical issues are discussed, as well as policy considerations. 相似文献