Ensuring Content‐Area Learning by Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities

Three factors tied with secondary student success in content‐area reading are demonstrated: (a) validated teacher‐focused and student‐focused interventions, (b) integrated and comprehensive service delivery systems, and (c) well‐designed, data‐based professional developmental programs. Difficult challenges face secondary students with LD and their teachers with regard to these students’ participation and success in required general education classes. Recently, instructional methods and materials have been developed and validated for promoting these students’ success. Some of them focus on how general education teachers plan and teach their content‐area courses; others focus on giving students the strategies they need to respond independently to the demands of their courses. This article describes these instructional methods, a service‐delivery model for implementing these interventions in secondary schools, and professional‐development mechanisms and administrative support that must be in place for the model to be maintained effectively.     

高校业余拳击教学中攻防技术的教学及训练

拳击教学中,如何使学生正确的掌握攻防技术一直是一项难以解决的问题,笔者通过教学实践,采用对比教学法,通过有效的进攻、防守辅助于专项素质练习从而使学生较好的掌握攻防技术.     

有氧健身操锻炼对我院女大学生体质的影响

对锻炼20周的86名1-4年级女大学生的身体形态、体成份、身体素质和心肺功能等指标进行测试,并对所测数据进行前后对比,结果显示:长期进行有氧健身操锻炼能改善女大学生的体形,提高心肺功能,发展身体素质。     

Expectations,observations, and violations: Comparing their effects on course ratings

Knowledgeable observers generally agree that students can give reasonably unbiased assessments of their classes, as long as proper instruments and procedures are used. These same observers agree, however, that more research is needed to understand the subtle dynamics which affect evaluations. Students' expectations (obtained on the first day) and the violation of these expectations are two possible factors. Their effects on students' final interest and future intentions are compared with students' actual reports of the class given at the end of the semester (n=196). Regression analysis using a simultaneous entry of expectations, expectancy violations, and final reports shows that students' reports at the end of the course account for almost all of the explained variance in the course rating items.     

对我国部分优秀男子排球运动员连续起跳能力的分析研究

采用高速摄像法、等速测试和表面肌电等方法,对我国部分男子排球运动员连续助跑能力进行了诊断分析,结果表明:1)在运动员连续15次助跑起跳摸高过程中,重心腾起高度整体上呈现下降的趋势;2)测试的结果验证了功疲劳度指标是一个较好的评价运动员肌肉耐受疲劳能力的功能指标;3)现行20 m内连续5次助跑摸高的测试能否作为反映运动员弹跳耐力水平的指标有待证实。     

中、英、美、澳4国体育学习评价内容的比较研究

采用文献资料法、比较研究法、问卷调查法等方法,在对中、英、美、澳4国中小学体育学习评价内容进行比较分析,以及对江苏扬州市和江苏南通市的体育教师进行问卷调查的基础上,初步构建了中小学体育学习评价内容,并对实施中可能遇到的困难和对策进行了分析.     

A comparison of the anthropometric, strength, endurance and flexibility characteristics of female elite and recreational climbers and non-climbers.

There is limited information on the anthropometry, strength, endurance and flexibility of female rock climbers. The aim of this study was to compare these characteristics in three groups of females: Group 1 comprised 10 elite climbers aged 31.3 +/- 5.0 years (mean +/- s) who had led to a standard of 'hard very severe'; Group 2 consisted of 10 recreational climbers aged 24.1 +/- 4.0 years who had led to a standard of 'severe'; and Group 3 comprised 10 physically active individuals aged 28.5 +/- 5.0 years who had not previously rock-climbed. The tests included finger strength (grip strength, finger strength measured on climbing-specific apparatus), flexibility, bent arm hang and pull-ups. Regression procedures (analysis of covariance) were used to examine the influence of body mass, leg length, height and age. For finger strength, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values (P < 0.05) than the recreational climbers and non-climbers (four fingers, right hand: elite 321 +/- 18 N, recreational 251 +/- 14 N, non-climbers 256 +/- 15 N; four fingers, left hand: elite 307 +/- 14 N, recreational 248 +/- 12 N, non-climbers 243 +/- 11 N). For grip strength of the right hand, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values than the recreational climbers only (elite 338 +/- 12 N, recreational 289 +/- 10 N, non-climbers 307 +/- 11 N). The results suggest that elite climbers have greater finger strength than recreational climbers and non-climbers.