Determination of “average particle size” from the screen-analysis of non-uniform particulate substances

The size distribution data obtained by screen analysis of a non-uniform substance cannot be used directly in calculating the various average diameters of the material since this method of analysis gives the distribution in terms of weight rather than count. The distribution curve by weight however bears a definite relation to the regular size-frequency curve and suitable transformation equations are presented by means of which one is able to calculate the various average diameters from the parameters of the curve given by the screen analysis. The screens are calibrated in terms of the actual size of the material retained rather than the dimensions of the screen openings or an arbitrary method of calculating the “size of separation.”     

Argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness as a function of locus of control

This study examined argumentativeness, verbal aggressiveness, and general control expectancies. Two hundred ten (N=210) participants completed the Argumentativeness Scale, the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale, and a modified version of the Three‐Factor Locus of Control Scale. Results indicate that individuals who reportan internal control orientation were found toreport lower levels of argument avoidance than externals. Externals reported higher levels of verbal aggressiveness than internals. Further, an external locus of control orientation was positively related to verbal aggressiveness. Internal locus of control orientation was negatively related to tendency to avoid arguments. The findings provide further evidence into the relationship between control expectancies and aggressive communication traits.     

School psychology—why is the profession dying?

The state of the profession is addressed as it relates to training, practice, certification, and its professional identity. It is suggested that death of the profession is imminent unless the profession is upgraded and a new image and role are surfaced. One of the problems is that since the passing of current judicial and legislative acts PL 93-380 and 94-142, the traditional role of psychologists is no longer tenable, and new ways of behaving are required which have implications for training and practice. Survival through rebirth can occur, and new directions are suggested for the profession to consider in reassessing its new and changing role.     

Autonomy and children's reactions to being controlled: evidence that both compliance and defiance may be positive markers in early development

This study examined reactions of 1-year-olds and young 2-year-olds to being controlled by mothers. Mothers' supportive behavior predicted children's willing compliance. However, contrary to research with older children, defiance was also associated with variables linked to maternal competence, specifically, mothers' supportive behavior, autonomy-granting controls, and low depressive symptoms. At this age high-defiant children initiated positive interaction with mothers more than did low-defiant children. With age, children displayed more willing compliance and more active resistance (defiance, low passivity). However, developmental increases in active resistance were absent when mothers were high in depressive symptoms. Findings are consistent with the proposal that in early development active resistance to parents often reflects children's motivation to control events, not poor parenting or strained parent-child relationships.     

小女孩

在教堂的一扇窗下长满绿草的坟堆上,坐着一个小女孩？她仰着头,望着天空,唱着歌儿。她的小手指点着一朵漂浮在她头顶的金色羽毛般的小彩云、突然间,阳光显得格外灿烂,照在她光泽的头发上,给它涂上一层金属般的光彩;很难说出它究竟是什么颜色,深褐色,还是黑色。她是那么全神贯注地望着彩云,她那奇妙的歌声,或可说是喃喃自语,似乎是对着那彩云而发的．因而她没有注意到我站起身来朝她走过去．上空高高的蓝天里,一只展翅飞向那朵轻盈透明的彩云的云雀也在歌唱,似乎在同她赛歌。