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41.
Until recently, the links between Rockefeller philanthropies and Russianscience and medicine during the 1920s have been virtually ignored, both inofficial Foundation histories and in Soviet accounts of foreign scientificrelations. Materials from the newly-opened Russian archives and the Rockefeller Archive Center reveal dense and tangled connections between multiple Rockefeller givers and multiple Russian takers. Examining the `Russian matter' from the perspective of both `givers' and `takers', this article highlights the impact of domestic and international politics on giving and taking across borders, and reveals the range of meanings of`internationalism' in philanthropy. 相似文献
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43.
Wendy C. Budin Leon Gross Judith A. Lothian Jeanne Mendelson 《The Journal of perinatal education》2014,23(2):65-78
Content validity of certification examinations is demonstrated over time with comprehensive job analyses conducted and analyzed by experts, with data gathered from stakeholders. In November 2011, the Lamaze International Certification Council conducted a job analysis update of the 2002 job analysis survey. This article presents the background, methodology, and findings of the job analysis. Changes in the test blueprint based on these findings are presented. 相似文献
44.
Dipl.-Psych. Friederike Hohenstein Prof. Dr. Friederike Zimmermann Dr. Thilo Kleickmann Prof. Dr. Olaf Köller Prof. Dr. Jens Möller 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(3):497-507
During the Bologna reforms, the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs (abbr.: Standing Conference) formulated education standards for higher education teacher training programmes (KMK 2004a) in the areas of teaching, educating, diagnostics, and innovation. Currently there is very little research on the extent to which these education standards are reflected in the teacher training curriculums at universities. This contribution analyses the course regulations, module handbooks, and exam regulations for teacher training programmes at 16 universities for the inclusion of content required by the education standards. The document analysis shows that a large proportion of the education standards introduced by the Standing Conference (KMK 2004a) are not considered by the curriculums of many universities. 相似文献
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The problem of allocation of scarce resources in an organization is frequently complicated by the presence of multiple, often conflicting, managerial objectives and a high degree of ambiguity in the definition of the organization's purpose. This is particularly true within the operating environment of many public and privately operated information centers and special libraries. In recent years, the managers of such centers have been pressed by both the funders and the users of their services to improve the efficiency of their operations. Although techniques are available for determining and evaluating various measures of the performance of these centers, relatively little has been accomplished with respect to the more fundamental decision making problem of allocating resources in order to optimize the achievement level of the various objectives of the decision maker. The problem addressed in this research is the extension of existing techniques to more adequately deal with the resource allocation problem in an ambiguous environment. The technique known as goal programming is extended and a new methodology, termed goal-range programming, is presented. The goal-range programming methodology is related to the information center planning environment through examples derived from the interaction of the authors with several centers. 相似文献
48.
L D Gross J F Sallis M J Buono J J Roby J A Nelson 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1990,61(4):321-325
The Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall interview is commonly used in epidemiologic research, but the methods of training and certifying interviewers have not been studied or standardized. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall interviews after a structured training program. Twenty-one volunteer interviewers participated in a five-session group training program that targeted standardized interview techniques and scoring procedures. Interviewers scored eight videotaped interviews on two occasions to assess scoring skills. Across all videotapes and interviewers, the test-retest reliability was .99. Two interviewers independently interviewed the same person on the same day, and the reliability of kilocalorie expenditure across interviewers was .86. It was concluded that naive individuals can be taught to reliably conduct and score the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall interview in a brief training program. 相似文献
49.
This essay expands a talk given by Professor Gross at the annual meeting of the American Academy for Liberal Education, held
at St. John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 29–30, 1993. 相似文献
50.
Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, verschiedene Indikatoren der sozialen Herkunft bei der Quantifizierung von sozialen Disparit?ten
zu vergleichen. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei der in PISA eingesetzte Index für den Economic, Social and Cultural Status (ESCS). Dieser umfasst sozio?konomische und kulturelle Ressourcen des Elternhauses und deckt damit das theoretische Konstrukt
umfassender ab als andere Indikatoren der sozialen Herkunft. Anhand der internationalen Schülerdaten aus PISA 2003 und aus
der nationalen Erg?nzungsstudie (PISA-E) wurden Regressionsanalysen mit verschiedenen Herkunftsindikatoren gerechnet. Neben
dem ESCS wurden als Pr?diktoren der sozio?konomische Status (HISEI), der h?chste Bildungsabschluss umgerechnet in Bildungsjahre
(PARED) und ein Index für h?usliche Besitztümer (HOMEPOS) berücksichtigt. Es zeigt sich, dass der ESCS in allen Bildungssystemen
deutlich mehr Varianz in der mathematischen Kompetenz aufkl?rt als die Einzelpr?diktoren HISEI, PARED oder HOMEPOS. Auch in
einer anschlie?enden Analyse zu sozialen Disparit?ten der Bildungsbeteiligung lieferte der ESCS differenziertere Befunde als
der HISEI. Insgesamt wird der ESCS als valider und theoretisch umfassender Index der sozialen Herkunft eingesch?tzt. 相似文献