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941.
21世纪开始之际,档案行业面临着严峻的挑战。本判断和分析了档案工作所面临的十项最为迫在眉睫的挑战,其中包括:电子献的管理;将更多的资源投入到非字资料方面;对于件的全球性的认识:为档案录和利用提出新的方法;档案利用和馆藏发展重点的扩大;对档案馆的信息管理进行更多的研究;美国档案工作协会的发展;档案事业各方资源的丰富;以及使档案行业不负众望地承担社会利益的保障的角色。 相似文献
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Thomas p. Hughes Pierre Papon Keith Pavitt John Ziman Michael J. Moravcsik 《Minerva》1979,17(4):555-573
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The relationship between environmental design, communication, and organizational culture is examined to provide performance improvement practitioners with an analytical tool that helps determine appropriate interventions. Organizations are comprised of people who communicate and socially construct artifacts, norms, values, and assumptions that guide how they conduct business. That is, employees interact to create, maintain, and reify their organizational culture. One artifact of organisational culture that should be apparent to human performance technologists is the environmental design of the office in which the organization operates. While some performance improvement interventions focus on the orientation of humans to their physical surroundings (ie., ergonomics), our analysis focuses on the communication patterns and organizational culture imbedded in the physical environment. We posit that performance technologists should look beyond the explicit environment and analyze organizational culture to begin understanding the implicit nature of how employees perform. A case study is provided to illustrate how three levels of organizational culture can be used to analyze an environment in which employees work to determine appropriate performance improvement solutions. 相似文献
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This study replicates, with additions, research done by Garnett and Treagust. Garnett and Treagust's interview questions for galvanic and electrolytic cells were used with modifications; concentration cell questions were asked in a similar manner. These questions were administered to 16 introductory college chemistry students after electrochemistry instruction. Student misconceptions most commonly encountered included notions that electrons flow through the salt bridge and electrolyte solutions to complete the circuit, plus and minus signs assigned to the electrodes represent net electronic charges, and water is unreactive in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions. New misconceptions identified included notions that half-cell potentials are absolute and can be used to predict the spontaneity of individual half-cells, and electrochemical cell potentials are independent of ion concentrations. Most students demonstrating misconceptions were still able to calculate cell potentials correctly, which is consistent with research suggesting that students capable of solving quantitative examination problems often lack an understanding of the underlying concepts. Probable origins of these student misconceptions were attributed to students being unaware of the relative nature of electrochemical potentials and chemistry textbooks making misleading and incorrect statements. A minor technical flaw in the Garnett and Treagust study is also addressed. J Res Sci Teach 34: 377–398, 1997. 相似文献
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Journal of Science Teacher Education - 相似文献
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