The Scottish Dimension

The Report of the Scottish Tertiary Education Advisory Council (STEAC), published in December 1985, has proposed that in the northern part of the United Kingdom there should be an alternative to the binary system of higher education, with both the universities and the public sector being planned for and financially controlled by the same body. That suggestion has been welcomed by many Scottish interests, but has raised fears in the majority of university staff, who see a danger of their being cut off from their counterparts elsewhere in the UK .
This article contends that the fears are not essentially Scottish in nature, and that the greatest danger to universities in any system of joint planning and finding is that the body responsible would be bound to take steps to reduce the inequalities which exist between the two sectors. What STEAC has proposed for Scotland should be considered for England and Wales too; the Scottish situation only presents an easier opportunity to achieve it .
The author is not wholly optimistic however. His analysis of the decisions taken in July 1986 by the Secretary of State for Scotland perceives political lobbying as having been of great influence on the outcome of the recommendations dealt with at that time. He wonders whether politicians will withstand the greater lobbying power of the universities against the main STEAC proposal .     

Effects of acute 60 and 80% VO2max bouts of aerobic exercise on state anxiety of women of different age groups across time

The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of an acute bout of aerobic exercise on state anxiety of women while controlling for iron status (hemoglobin and serum ferritin). Participants were 24 active women, ages 18-20 years (n = 12) and 35-45 years (n = 12). In addition to a nonexercise control condition, participants completed one exercise bout at 60% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and one at 80% VO2max. Each exercise session consisted of a 33-min bout in which participants exercised at their target intensities for a 20-min segment. Immediately before each exercise trial, participants were given the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). The SAI was again administered immediately following the exercise session and at 30, 60, and 90 min postexercise. Data were analyzed using an Age x Intensity x Time (2 x 3 x 5) repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with iron status serving as the covariate. The ANCOVA on state anxiety yielded significant effects for time (p < .0001, eta2(p) = .48), the Intensity x Time interaction (p = .0006, eta2(p) = .19), and the Intensity x Age interaction (p = .04, eta2(p) = .15). All three exercise conditions (including control) showed a decline in state anxiety across time, but the 80% VO2max condition showed a sharper decline. Intensity of exercise conditions did not differ in state anxiety at baseline or immediately after exercise, but a difference favoring the 80% VO2max condition over the control condition emerged at 30 min postexercise. After controlling for iron status, older women who exercised at 80% VO2max exhibited lower SAI scores compared to the control condition.     

“Who will be left to tell the tale?” Recordkeeping and international criminal jurisprudence

The article sets out to pose the question ‘Is it possible for an archive to aid the process of reconciliation?’ Is the scale of a given event, in some cases, insurmountable in terms of reconciling the parties? The graphic nature of the archives and the issue of psychological impact of an archive on the archivist is explored. It is contended that through outreach and dissemination of the contents of the archive, it is possible to provide to the affected communities the information of what the international community has done in terms of judicial redress. Archives can also fulfil-dual roles and this issue is touched upon in that the purpose and organization of the archive is changing from an active records center or a tool of repression to suit a future audience of researchers or to aid reconciliation.