Student teachers’ discipline strategies: relations with self-images,anticipated student responses and control orientation

Teacher discipline strategies are well documented when it comes to its effects on students and the working climate in the classroom. Although it is commonly acknowledged that for student teachers classroom management is a major concern, student teachers’ use of discipline strategies is largely unknown. In this paper, we examine student teachers’ beliefs in relation to their discipline strategies. Three clusters of discipline strategies are distinguished: sensitive, directive and aggressive discipline strategies. Beliefs that were taken into account are self-images on control and affiliation, control orientation and anticipated student responses on control and affiliation. All participants were student teachers of a one-year teacher education programme for secondary education in the Netherlands. Student questionnaires were used to measure discipline strategies (n?=?2506). Student teachers’ (n?=?104) self-images, control orientation and anticipated student responses were measured with student teacher questionnaires. Results of the multiple regression analyses showed that student teachers’ sensitive and directive discipline strategies are explained best by self-images on control; aggressive discipline strategies are explained best by self-images on affiliation and by control orientation. Apart from the possible academic interest in these particular findings, results are believed to be useful in a practical sense, in particular for teacher education programmes.     

科技项目管理人员技能因子的实证研究——以信息技术类项目为例

本文通过向部分省市科技项目管理人员进行问卷调查,在北京、天津、石家庄、深圳等地企事业单位和政府部门以及项目管理资格认证培训班调研等获得的231份有效问卷为基础数据,用因子分析法分析了构成项目管理人员技能的五大要素为:专业技术技能、业务分析理解技能、跨部门(跨组织)沟通与激励技能、计划控制与组织协调技能、及时决策和适度授权技能。研究结果还表明,各项技能因子对项目绩效起的作用各不相同。     

知识管理与企业流程管理的融合

从信息管理系统与企业流程重组入手,分析知识管理与企业流程管理之间关系;引入协同概念,阐述协同概念分别与知识管理以及企业流程管理的关系。     

A Comprehensive Theoretical Framework for Personal Information-Related Behaviors on the Internet

Although there is near consensus on the need for privacy, the reality is that people's attitude toward their personal information privacy is complex. For instance, even when people claim that they value their information privacy, they often trade their personal information for tangible or intangible benefits. In this article, the research on different ways in which people respond to risks to privacy is examined. They include information seeking to reduce uncertainty, the withholding of information, and the provision of fabricated information. The impact of trust and inducements on Internet users’ willingness to share personal information is also examined. Thereafter, important postulates from theories in communication, social psychology, and sociology are synthesized into a comprehensive theoretical framework for personal information-related behaviors in the online environment.     

研发人员授权行为有效性研究

本文着重对领导授权行为和研发人员的授权感知进行研究,检验了不同授权行为的有效性。研究结果显示,信息共享对研发人员的授权感知具有显著影响,影响效果也最大。     

满蒙路权外交与日奉关系

以张作霖为首的奉系集团与日本之间关于满蒙铁路问题展开的交涉是探究日奉关系中最为复杂和突出的一个问题。铁路问题不仅是经济问题，更涉及到政治、军事利益，反映出当时的社会动态。日奉双方围绕满蒙铁路交涉的合作利用、利害冲突具有很大的代表性。纵观当时国内外形势，联系路权外交的重要影响，可以更准确地评析日奉之间的微妙关系。     

A packaged intervention to reduce disruptive behaviors in general education students

This investigation employed a combination multiple baseline/reversal design across individuals to examine the effects of a packaged intervention designed to reduce disruptive behaviors in two 8‐year‐old female students, with a third 8‐year‐old female student serving as a control. The intervention was delivered through a contingency contract and was comprised of precision requests, antecedent strategies (i.e., public posting of classroom rules, and teacher movement), positive reinforcement (i.e., mystery motivators, token economy), and the reductive technique of response cost.During baseline, the percentage of intervals that the students evidenced disruptive behaviors averaged 41%. This was reduced to an average of 20% during treatment. In the withdrawal phase, disruptive intervals increased to an average of 25%. Reinstatement of the intervention resulted in a further reduction of disruptive intervals of 20%. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

论体育文化与校园文化建设的意义

通过对体育文化与校园文化理论上的分析论述,加深了对两个新兴文化名词内涵的认识,从而有利于摆正体育文化与校园文化的地位,探讨体育文化推动校园文化建设的作用和基本要素,提出了发展校园体育文化建设的措施,使之共同发展.     

School counsellors' perceptual sex role differences in Dutch secondary education

In a pilot study two Dutch secondary schools have been investigated with respect to four characteristics of school counselling as perceived by the school counsellors and students: (1) What counselling in the school should or should not be; (2) What are the reasons for starting a counselling activity; (3) What are the outcomes of school counselling; and (4) What are the necessities for school counselling.As a total group both males and females disagree with students on the practice of counselling within the context of the school, while both groups agree with students on the person oriented aims of counselling. Males and females perceive different reasons why counselling in the school is necessary and they perceive different kinds of outcomes. Female counsellors perceive markedly less reasons for counselling in school achievements of students than males, while they report more reasons for counselling than males where the prevention of conflicts between students in the classroom are concerned. Apart from discrepancies between male and female school counsellors, the students perceive more counselling outcomes than both groups of counsellors in terms of coping behaviour and conflict management. Students and counsellors disagree on several necessities for counselling, such as the amount of commitment required for counselling duties and the prerequisites of cooperation and support between counsellors.Paper presented at the XIIth International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling, 22–26 June 1986, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden