Seasonal variation in physical activity among preschool children in a northern Canadian city

Little research has examined seasonal differences in physical activity (PA) levels among children. Proxy reports of PA were completed by 1,715 parents on their children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Total PA (TPA) minutes were calculated, and each participant was classified as active, somewhat active, or inactive. Logistic regression models were conducted to examine associations between PA status and seasons. Significant seasonal differences were observed for TPA, weekday PA, weekend PA, and active play. Children were significantly more likely to be physically active in the summer and spring and somewhat physically active in the summer and fall, relative to winter Children living in cold climates are less likely to be physically active in the winter.     

Does Chewing Coca Leaves Influence Physiology at High Altitude?

Andean Indians have used coca leaves (Erythroxylon coca and related species) for centuries to enhance physical performance. The benefits and disadvantages of using coca leaf have been a subject of many political debates. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chewing coca leaves on biochemical and physiological parameters. Cutaneous microdialysis catheters were used to estimate systemic biochemical changes. We subjected 10 healthy adult males (local residents) in Cajamarca (Peru, altitude 2700 m) to a standardised exercise routine on a stationary cycle ergometer. The blood pressure, oxygen saturation (digital), pulse, VO2 max and ECG (Holter monitor) were recorded before the exercise. Cutaneous microdialysis catheters were introduced in the forearm. The subjects were given to chew 8 g of coca leaves with a small amount of lime. They were then placed on the cycle ergometer for 20 min. Blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulse, ECG and VO2 max were recorded. Pyruvate, glucose, lactate, glycerol and glutamate levels were estimated. Oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and pulse rate did not show any significant changes between the two groups. Glucose levels showed hyperglycaemic response. Glycerol, Lactate and Pyruvate increased. Glutamate remained unchanged. Similar changes were not seen in the controls. These results suggest that coca leaves have blocked the glycolytic pathway of glucose oxidation resulting in accumulation of glucose and pyruvate. The energy requirement for exercise is being met with beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The glycerol released was also getting accumulated since its pathway for oxidation was blocked. These experimental findings suggest that chewing coca leaves is beneficial during exercise and that the effects are felt over a prolonged period of sustained physical activity.     

创造奇迹的人

福泽林盖从不相信＂奇迹＂。但在他坚决否认这个世界有奇迹的时候,他发现自己就能创造奇迹。那是一个停电的夜晚,他当时正与他的朋友托德·比米什在一家酒吧喝酒。     

Environmental stress model for evaluation of vessel traffic in ports and waterways

Environmental stress model is proposed as an effective tool to the analysis and evaluation of navigational safety in ports and waterways. Marine traffic simulations are carried out in a virtual port area with various arrangements and conditions. Calculations of stress values and traffic volume criteria are illustrated. The simulation results provide a valuable hint for safety management of vessel traffic. The model provides quantitative information and helps administrators in decision making to achieve desired safety level and improve the efficiency of vessel traffic in ports and waterways.     

库珀中心纵向研究：有氧运动的灵魂

目的：为肯尼斯·库珀（Kenneth H. Cooper）于1970年提出的库珀中心纵向研究（CCLS）提供详细历史。方法：对库珀中心纵向研究人群和库珀诊所所检查的重要参数,以及库珀诊所患者的各种疾病发病率和死亡率进行数据描述。并对近50年来已发表的库珀中心纵向研究的主要研究结果进行总结。结果：在库珀诊所检查期间,通过最大跑台运动测试客观地测量出的心肺功能（CRF）已成为各种疾病发病率和死亡率的强大且独立的风险因素。更具体地说,库珀中心纵向研究明确表明,中高水平的心肺功能与人体全因、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率有显著相关关系。此外,已经证明,中年人群的心肺水平是全因痴呆、Ⅱ型糖尿病、慢性肾病、癌症发病率和存活率以及一些其他慢性疾病的预测因子。因此,库珀中心纵向研究结果还表明,中年人群的心肺水平与老年时期的医疗保健成本呈显著相关。结论：除罕见情况以外,已经进行了近50年的库珀中心纵向研究的研究结果表明,相对于较低水平的心肺功能,中高水平的心肺功能可以有效预防许多疾病。     

重塑教育体验：从提供基本学位到支持终身学习——EDUCAUSE 2023年度十大IT议题（三）

<正>议题三：进化,适应,或失去人才创建一个允许并支持向不同方向移动的工作环境,以适应个人和职业目标的转变,并促进更健康的工作/生活平衡。“我们正在努力研究如何保持员工队伍的连续性,尤其是在员工对工作的期望不断变化的情况下。人们现在对远程工作感兴趣。我们已经看到,在新冠疫情之后,特别是在经历了相当多的社会创伤后,很多人实现职业抱负的方式发生了变化。我们想确保我们的学校能成为人们想来工作的地方。加入学校社区的人们与学校的使命保持一致,这对学校来说是至关重要的。”科罗拉多大学博尔德分校执行副校长兼首席运营官帕特里克·奥洛克表示。     

丝绸之路经济带区域创新与区域信息化的耦合协调性分析

通过计算2006—2014年丝绸之路经济带九省(区、市)的区域创新及信息化评价指数,进而构建耦合协调模型,算出二者之间的协调度,并测算区域间和区域内协调度的差异变动,得到如下结论:(1)丝绸之路经济带各地区的区域创新水平与信息化水平整体不高,且区域创新要滞后于区域信息化(2)各地区的区域创新与区域信息化发展呈现出高水平耦合共振状态,但是当考虑二者的综合发展水平时,二者的耦合协调发展程度虽然逐年向好,但发展状况参差不齐,考察期内尚未达到优质协调状态;(3)经济带整体协调度差异先扩大后缩小,地区内差异是总体差异的主要贡献方,而地区内的差异又主要来自于西北地区的贡献。在分析和解释相关结论的基础上,提出若干政策建议。