Quiet eye predicts goaltender success in deflected ice hockey shots†

Abstract

In interceptive timing tasks, long quiet eye (QE) durations at the release point, along with early tracking on the object, allow performers to couple their actions to the kinematics of their opponent and regulate their movements based on emergent information from the object's trajectory. We used a mobile eye tracker to record the QE of eight university-level ice hockey goaltenders of an equivalent skill level as they responded to shots that deflected off a board placed to their left or right, resulting in a trajectory with low predictability. QE behaviour was assessed using logistic regression and magnitude-based inference. We found that when QE onset occurred later in the shot (950?±?580?ms, mean?±?SD) there was an increase in the proportion of goals allowed (41% vs. 22%) compared to when QE onset occurred earlier. A shorter QE duration (1260?±?630?ms) predicted a large increase in the proportion of goals scored (38% vs. 14%). More saves occurred when QE duration (2074?±?47?ms) was longer. An earlier QE offset (2004?±?66?ms) also resulted in a large increase in the number of goals allowed (37% vs. 11%) compared to a later offset (2132?±?41?ms). Since an early, sustained QE duration contributed to a higher percentage of saves, it is important that coaches develop practice activities that challenge the goaltender's ability to fixate the puck early, as well as sustain a long QE fixation on the puck until after it is released from the stick.     

Justice and Truth in Grades and Their Averages

Grade point averages (GPAs) are calculated by assigning numbers to letter grades and averaging them. Simple examples show that the method cannot consistently determine class rank since class rank is sometimes permuted with arbitrary change of scale. This permutation is only possible when one student is somewhere worse and somewhere better than a second. The distinction between these and other sorts of cases is established by theorems proved in an appendix. Relativistic attempts to resolve the inconsistency are shown to be insufficient. The function of GPAs as predictors is briefly discussed.     

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury on Instagram: Examining Hashtag Trends

International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling - We sought to investigate how individuals who upload nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) content on Instagram conceptualize self-injury by...     

The Resequencing Task: Determining Expert-Novice Differences in the Organization of a Movement Sequence

Abstract

The present investigation was designed to investigate whether males' gender roles mediate their perception of strenuous physical exercise, a stereotypically masculine task. Forty-two college-age males from three sex-role categories (masculine, feminine, and androgynous) performed a bicycle ergometer exercise at comparable work intensities. Results indicated that, in comparison to feminine males, masculine males reported lower physical strain (via general RPEs), while androgynous males had more positive affect and greater endurance. These findings suggest that inadequate experience with cross-gender behaviors may have a greater influence upon perceptions of an activity than the gender inappropriateness of such behavior.