Power,performance, and expectations in the dismissal of NBA coaches: A survival analysis study

Researchers focusing on coach dismissal often examine organizational performance as an antecedent; however, there has been minimal attention to the ways in which countervailing dimensions of power associated with coaches and ownership influence dismissal decisions, while still considering performance as well as expectations. To understand how power, performance and expectations affect coach dismissals, the authors examine the tenures of coaches in the North American-based National Basketball Association and use survival analysis to test a model of coach dismissals using 31 years of observations. The authors find that coach dismissal is a process influenced not only by team performance, but also expectations and a coach’s power that accrues from both structure and prestige. Additional findings suggest that expert power influences the likelihood of coach dismissal, but only after the coach has been in the job for several years. Finally, the authors found a non-linear relationship between performance and the probability of coach dismissal, suggesting that single events (i.e., wins or losses) have less influence on the probability of dismissal when performance is very poor or above average.     

Prevalence and determinants of symptoms of common mental disorders in retired professional Rugby Union players

The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMD) (distress, anxiety/depression, sleeping disturbance, adverse nutrition behaviour, adverse alcohol behaviour and smoking) among retired professional Rugby Union players. The secondary aim was to explore the associations between stressors (life events, Rugby Union career dissatisfaction) and the health conditions under study. Therefore, cross-sectional analyses were conducted on baseline questionnaires from an ongoing prospective cohort study of retired professional Rugby Union players. An electronic questionnaire was established using validated questionnaires to assess symptoms of CMD and stressors. The electronic questionnaire was subsequently distributed to retired players by the national Rugby Union players’ associations in France, Ireland and South Africa. Among 295 retired professional Rugby Union players (mean age of 38 years), prevalence rates were 25% for distress, 28% for anxiety/depression, 29% for sleeping disturbance, 62% for adverse nutrition behaviour, 15% for smoking and 24% for adverse alcohol behaviour. A higher number of life events were associated with distress (OR?=?1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.4), anxiety/depression (OR?=?1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.1), sleeping disturbance (OR?=?1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.1) and adverse nutrition behaviour (OR?=?1.8; 95% CI 1.3–2.5). A higher level of dissatisfaction of the player's Rugby Union career was associated with distress (OR?=?0.9; 95% CI 0.8–1.0), sleeping disturbance (OR?=?0.9; 95% CI 0.9–1.0), smoking (OR?=?0.9; 95% CI 0.9–1.0) and adverse nutrition behaviour (OR?=?0.9; 95% CI 0.8–0.9). In conclusion, our study suggests that prevalence of symptoms of CMD is high among retired professional Rugby Union players, being associated with both a higher number of life events and a higher level of Rugby Union career dissatisfaction.     

科技创新中心的人才建设从基础开始:德国中小学创新教育的启示——著名“战略大师”、德国罗兰贝格管理咨询有限公司创始人罗兰·贝格专访

创新教育是指为迎接知识经济时代的挑战,以培养学生创新精神、创新能力、批判性思维为基本价值取向的教育。围绕习近平同志提出希望上海"加快向具有全球影响力的科技创新中心进军"的要求,上海对于"全球科技创新中心城市应具有哪些特征和内涵"、"如何建设具有全球影响力的科技创新中心"进行了研讨和筹划,许多专家指出,培育具有创新素质的人才是建设科技创新中心城市的基本内涵之一。2014年10月举行的浦江创新论坛以"协同创新、共享机遇"为主题,本刊特约记者在论坛上就全球创新中心城市建设与中小学教育中的创新教育、德国中小学的创新学习与创新教育(Kreatives Lernen & Innovative Lehr)对罗兰贝格教授进行了专访。     

Theory of Employee Survival

ABSTRACT This paper presents the Theory of Employee Survival, which states that an applicant's initial attraction and selection into an organization, and an employee's retention and promotion within the organization are dependent on an authoritarianism congruence between the applicant and/or employee, and the employer.