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911.
Bart Van Looy Paolo LandoniJulie Callaert Bruno van PottelsbergheEleftherios Sapsalis Koenraad Debackere 《Research Policy》2011,40(4):553-564
The phenomenon of entrepreneurial universities has received considerable attention over the last decades. An entrepreneurial orientation by academia might put regions and nations in an advantageous position in emerging knowledge-intensive fields of economic activity. At the same time, such entrepreneurial orientation requires reconciliation with the scientific missions of academia. Large-scale empirical research on antecedents of the entrepreneurial effectiveness of universities is scarce. This contribution examines the extent to which scientific productivity affect entrepreneurial effectiveness, taking into account the size of universities and the presence of disciplines, as well as the R&D intensity of the regional business environment (BERD). In addition, we assess the occurrence of trade-offs between different transfer mechanisms (contract research, patenting and spin off activity). The data used pertain to 105 European universities. Our findings reveal that scientific productivity is positively associated with entrepreneurial effectiveness. Trade-offs between transfer mechanisms do not reveal themselves; on the contrary, contract research and spin off activities tend to facilitate each other. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
912.
Lidwien van de WijngaertAuthor Vitae Willem PietersonAuthor Vitae Marije L. TeerlingAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(5):415-419
Information technology allows national and local governments to satisfy the needs of citizens in a cost effective way. Unfortunately, citizens still tend to prefer traditional, more costly channels, such as the front desk, phone and mail. Through pilot projects government agencies attempt to influence this behavior of citizens, directing them towards the online channel. With this paper we provide insight into the possibility to influence citizens’ behavior in the complex landscape of multi-channel service provision. The paper systematically compares five pilot projects using a framework that is based on organizational and marketing literature. The results show that socio-psychological factors are crucial in multi-channel management, much more than the technology itself. We conclude that citizens can be directed towards the online channel. However, not all projects are successful. Economic and legal instruments tend to sort more direct effects than communication or service instruments. Moreover, organizational factors such as bureaucracy often hinder eventual success. Choosing a smart and relatively small scope and strong project manager may help to evoke success in directing citizen online behavior. 相似文献
913.
Thomas Gould 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2011,27(1):36-53
Perhaps nothing strikes more fear into the hearts of all tenure-track professors than the process itself. Are four papers in this journal good enough? Are eight papers in another okay? What if someone doesn’t like me or my area of research? These issues have plagued academia since the first essay was penned by the first researcher hundreds of years ago. While personal bias and journal preference continue to infect honest tenure reviews, solutions exist. This does not mean we have a magic bullet to solve issues of bullying or elitism. However, if we are honest in our desire to improve the Academy, we should avail ourselves of every possible tool for improvement. This essay is based on a survey sent to 2,500 mass communication educators. Of the almost 500 respondents, roughly 10% took the time to express emotions that ranged from fear and confusion to outright rage and anger, all because what ought to be clear is not. The author offers 10 ideas of how academia can improve its evaluation of new faculty, as well as a few suggestions regarding the unnecessary inclusion of personal issues in a process that ought to be about creating better researchers and teachers. 相似文献
914.
915.
Stuart Glover 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2011,27(1):54-61
The article documents the editorial relationship between Peter Carey and his New York based editor for Knopf, Gary Fisketjon,
who worked with Carey on his True History of the Kelly Gang. This account provides the basis for a discussion of how globalised publishing, while promising unity—a single text across
all territories—has instead introduced a tension into the previously cohesive triad of author, editor, and the single authorized
text. As Fisketjon’s experience lays bare, major contemporary texts that are published in multiple editions in different global
centers may well proceed through competing or at least parallel editing processes with different presses, different editors,
and in different publishing territories. The authorized single edition, even of major literary texts, has been replaced by
competing editions. The single edit and editor have been replaced by competing “servant[s] of the writer” (to use Fisketjon’s
phrase). Cohesion, while not quite giving way to disunity, gives way to multiplicity and plurality. The experience of the
Kelly Gang book is cast against a longer narrative of Carey’s interactions with editors including the University of Queensland Press
(UQP) from the 1970s and Faber from the 1980s. 相似文献
916.
Mitchell Weisberg 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2011,27(2):188-196
The purpose of this article is to add to the collective body of knowledge on student behavior and attitudes relative to the
adoption of digital textbooks. The article summarizes an ongoing research project that examines past, current and evolving
behavior in the classroom related to digital textbooks and school. It includes students, faculty and administrative attitudes
behaviors and perceptions. This research was undertaken at the Sawyer Business School of Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts.
Student attitudes and behavior toward their use of digital textbooks (eTextbooks) in higher education was examined in an ongoing
longitudinal study over two years at Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University. Students in the class were divided into six
teams. Five of the teams were assigned an eTextbook device and the sixth team was given a paper textbook for use through the
semester. The digital technologies examined were: Amazon Kindle, Sony eReader Touch, Apple iPad, enTourage eDGe, and CourseSmart.
Student attitudes and behaviors were examined pre and post class by survey each semester, and during the semesters through
quizzes, journals and classroom discussion. Differential learning was measured between the six teams. Student attitudes and
behaviors are becoming more receptive to and accepting of using digital textbooks each year. There was no significant difference
in learning between the eTextbook devices teams or between them and the paper textbook team. 相似文献
917.
Joseph J. Esposito 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2011,27(1):13-18
The migration from print books to ebooks is more than a change of format; it is also the first step in an ongoing process,
whose final outcome is hard to predict. Ebooks are likely to lead to a restructuring of the industry by enabling cross-border
commerce. This in turn is likely to lead to difficult disputes over territorial rights. It appears probable that these disputes
will be resolved by an assertion of the dominance of the American market and the publishers that already serve it well, as
authors are likely to place their rights with practitioners in the largest markets. This in turn will lead to the acquisition
of many smaller “national” publishers, which cannot compete on a world stage with truly global publishers. But rather than
simply becoming sources of editorial product for American-based global marketing machines, smaller publishers operating in
different regions will respond through innovation, both in product design (attempting to do electronically what cannot be
done in print) and in developing new marketing plans that the giant publishers would be indisposed to pursue. 相似文献
918.
James Lichtenberg 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2011,27(2):101-112
The forces for change in the 600 hundred-year history of book publishing have never been more powerful and fundamental than
in 2011. Barely 12 months ago, what publishers viewed as “innovation” was the creation of digitized versions of physical books
to be ‘consumed’ on e-reading devices. As 2011 begins, that change is largely regarded as accepted business practice, and
the edge of “innovation” is moving in more complex directions. Publishing finds itself in the midst of a ‘phase shift’ from
the scarcity model of print to a complex, new world of digital abundance. The dimensions of change, moreover, its speed, and
its extent are still unknown. While book publishing begins with the creative work of authors, digital technologies are turning
the business models inside out. Among the forces for change acting on book publishing, this article examines several phenomena
that are working their way in from the edge to the center of the industry, including complex interwoven considerations around
container, context, and customer. 相似文献
919.
Dustin Hillard Eren Manavoglu Hema Raghavan Chris Leggetter Erick Cantú-Paz Rukmini Iyer 《Information Retrieval》2011,14(3):315-336
The critical task of predicting clicks on search advertisements is typically addressed by learning from historical click data.
When enough history is observed for a given query-ad pair, future clicks can be accurately modeled. However, based on the
empirical distribution of queries, sufficient historical information is unavailable for many query-ad pairs. The sparsity
of data for new and rare queries makes it difficult to accurately estimate clicks for a significant portion of typical search
engine traffic. In this paper we provide analysis to motivate modeling approaches that can reduce the sparsity of the large
space of user search queries. We then propose methods to improve click and relevance models for sponsored search by mining
click behavior for partial user queries. We aggregate click history for individual query words, as well as for phrases extracted
with a CRF model. The new models show significant improvement in clicks and revenue compared to state-of-the-art baselines
trained on several months of query logs. Results are reported on live traffic of a commercial search engine, in addition to
results from offline evaluation. 相似文献
920.
Empirical modeling of the score distributions associated with retrieved documents is an essential task for many retrieval
applications. In this work, we propose modeling the relevant documents’ scores by a mixture of Gaussians and the non-relevant
scores by a Gamma distribution. Applying Variational Bayes we automatically trade-off the goodness-of-fit with the complexity
of the model. We test our model on traditional retrieval functions and actual search engines submitted to TREC. We demonstrate
the utility of our model in inferring precision-recall curves. In all experiments our model outperforms the dominant exponential-Gaussian
model. 相似文献